HISTORY & DESCRIPTION OF STYLES 49 



of two, three or five in conjunction, with trees, 

 shrubs and ornaments, they occur in various parts 

 of the landscape. The individuals and the groups 

 receive names descriptive of their functions and 

 characters, which are as legible to a Japanese as 

 his language of floral decoration. 



The chief garden ornament is the stone lantern. 

 It is not for illumination, but to form an agreeable 

 contrast with the natural features. It is com- 

 monly set on an island, at the base of a hill, on 

 the banks of a lake or other water, and accom- 

 panied by stones and dwarfed trees. The appear- 

 ance of age sets the value of a lantern. 



An indispensable feature of every Japanese 

 garden is the house for Tea Ceremonial, which is 

 often the raison d'etre of the garden. A tea house 

 is no piece of rustic work, but a complete artistic 

 creation. Its extreme importance may be imag- 

 ined when it is realized that the professors of Tea 

 Ceremonial were the first landscape gardeners. 

 The disposition of stones round the tea house have 

 all a direct bearing on the ceremonies, and are of 

 course recognized by the Japanese at once. 



After this brief survey of the Japanese art of 

 garden design it is interesting to note that the 

 style appears likely to become a vogue in England, 

 and take its place among garden types along with 

 the Dutch and Italian styles. But it can never be 

 really developed because of the utter inability of 

 the western mind to enter, or wish to enter into 







