PREPARATION OF THE DESIGN 91 



horizontal ones. Thus if the length is represented 

 by 10 ft. to i in. the vertical will be 5ft. to i in. 

 The vertical distances are so much smaller that 

 this convention serves to increase their impor- 

 tance and assist in the drawing, and the eye soon 

 becomes used to the exaggeration. 



SETTING OUT THE PLAN 



THE necessary instruments for setting out a plan 

 on paper are not many or elaborate. The designer 

 needs a pair of compasses with lengthening bar, 

 interchangeable for pen, pencil and divider ; a 

 ruling pen ; a set of scales ; a T square, and two 

 set squares 45 and 60, and a few French curves 

 of simple form. These should be all of the best 

 workmanship. Needle points to the compasses 

 are recommended as least damaging to the paper. 

 Two or three extra pairs of dividers are a con- 

 venience when the same measurements are con- 

 stantly repeated, and for fine work a set of bow 

 springs may be added. An inaccurate plan is 

 useless, and if the instruments are unsteady it 

 adds a hundredfold to the difficulties of drawing. 

 No instruments will stand neglect or rough treat- 

 ment. Ink should never be allowed to dry in 

 the pen, and if not needed for a few minutes the 

 drop should be shaken out, and before being put 

 away pens should be wiped with a chamois leather, 



