STRUCTURAL 123 



by which time a hard crust will have formed on the 

 surface. 



In some parts of the country good gravel 

 is not obtainable. If it contains much clay or 

 lime it becomes sticky in wet or frosty weather, 

 and a still more common fault is that of never 

 binding at all owing to its being too clean, or 

 being composed of rounded pebbles. Such shingly 

 gravel is much used in the English lake district. 

 It is harsh under foot, and needs continual raking 

 to keep it neat, and its chief virtue is, that being 

 local, it suits the surroundings. Broken brick 

 and ballast are substitutes for gravel. Their 

 appearance is cheerful, but for long stretches the 

 colour is overpowering. Furnace ash is easy to 

 get as a rule, and makes inexpensive paths 

 smooth to the feet but uninteresting. Kitchen 

 garden walks are frequently made of ash, the 

 glass-houses' heating apparatus providing the 

 material. 



Tar-paving is often seen in small gardens and 

 in kitchen gardens. It is practically everlasting, 

 and is never weedy, but it is not pleasant to the 

 eye. In making such paths hard core and edging 

 are set as above, and a mixture of clean furnace 

 ash is made with sufficient boiling tar to wet the 

 mass thoroughly, and the whole is plastered over 

 the hard core and shaped with the back of a spade. 

 More hot tar is poured over the surface, and 

 brushed in and strewn with dry sand or broken 



