234 VORACITY OF MAGPIES. 



reached Bayou Salade, another extensive valley at the head of the South 

 Fork of the Platte. Here, selecting a good camping place in a beautiful 

 grove of aspen, we remained till the 19th inst. 



This last stage of our journey proved difficult and tedious. Although the 

 passing throngs of buffalo had afforded a well-marked trail, our horses fre- 

 quently became so mired in snow we were compelled to extricate them by 

 main strength, — two or three storms, in the mean time, having increased the 

 quantity to an average depth of twelve or fourteen inches. 



The valleys and sunny hill-sides, however, were generally bare, and af- 

 forded some agreeable respites to the toil of travelling. 



The prevailing rock appeared to be granite, mica slate, and sandstone. 

 The soil of the valleys gave evidence of fertility, as did occasional spots 

 upon the hill-sides. 



The streams were most of them skirted with cottonwood, aspen, and box- 

 elder, while the hills and mountains presented frequent groves of pine and 

 cedar. 



Game, in all the different varieties common to the country, was seen in 

 great abundance the entire route. 



Bayou Salade is a valley some thirty-five miles long by fifteen wide, 

 bounded upon ail sides by lofty mountain chains, with the exception of the 

 south, where a broad stretch of high, rugged hills and rolling prairies sepa- 

 rates it from the Arkansas. 



The Platte, on emerging from this place, makes its final entrance into the 

 grand prairie by a narrow gorge in the mountain chain that extends to a 

 distance of several miles. Upon the southeast, the frowning sunim.its of 

 Pike's Peak tower to a height of 12,500 feet above the level of the Gulf of 

 Mexico, and upon the west the continuous chain of the Green Mountains, 

 clothed in eternal snow, point skyward in solemn grandeur. 



The numerous streams that find their sources in the neighborhood are 

 well timbered, and present many interesting bottoms of rich alluvial so'l. 



The valley is densely thronged with buffalo, while vast quantities of 

 deer, elk, and antelope unite to increase the number and variety of its 

 game. 



The weather at this time proved uncomfortably cold. Snow lying upon 

 the ground to the depth of several inches, we were necessitated to feed our 

 horses upon cottonwood bark during the interim. 



Bayou Salade bears the name of being subject to severe winters, but 

 whether correctly or not, I am unable to say. It is undoubtedly well 

 adapted to stock-raising, and, were it not for imseasonable frosts, might be 

 turned to good account for agricultural purposes. 



The magpies were more troublesome and audacious in their depredations 

 hereabouts, than in any place we had yet visited. Two mules, whose 

 backs had become sore from continued service under the saddle, were se- 

 verely annoyed by these relentless pesecutors, which, despite opposing 

 effort, would pierce the skinless flesh with their beaks and feast upon their 

 agonizing victims. 



To save the poor sufferers from being devoured alive, wo were com- 



