048 REVIEWS. 



Sagard (1624-5) says that the Hurons called the coarser 

 part of their pounded maize — after the meal had been sifted 

 from it — " Acointa, c'est a dire Pois (car ils lui donnent le 

 mesme nom qu'a nos pois) ; " and in his " Dictionnaire 

 Iluronne," he has "Pois, Acointa," " Fezolles, Ogaressa;" 

 whence we infer that French pease [P. sativum] were 

 already cultivated by or known to the Hurons. The Abnakis 

 of western Maine, in the 17th century, called pease, " awen- 

 nootsi-minar," i. e. " French (or foreign) seeds." Tanner, 

 1830, gives as the Chippeway name of the " Wild Pea-vine " 

 [Phaseolus diver sifolius ?] " Anishemin," i. e. " Indian (or 

 native) seeds." In nearly all North American languages, the 

 names for kidney-beans (Phaseoli) are of earlier formation 

 than those for garden pease. The latter are usually formed 

 on the former : e. g. Chahta, tobi, " bean " ; tobi hullo, [wild] 

 "pea"; tobi Mhint uni, "garden pea " (Byington) ; Dakota, 

 <>"innkha, " bean " ; o n mnicha hmiya n ya n \_i. e. " round bean "], 

 " pea." 



Without multiplying citations — we may assume that the 

 " pease " and " poix " which early voyagers found cultivated 

 by the American Indian were species of Phaseolus — not 

 Pisum. 



Five and twenty years before the settlement of Virginia, the 

 Indians of Carolina and Florida had " fine citroiiilles and 

 very good beans " (Lescarbot, Nouv. France, 778). Lawson, 

 1700-1708, gives a more particular description of the south- 

 ern beans cultivated by the Indians. " The Kidney-beans," he 

 says, " were here before the English came, being very plenti- 

 ful in Indian corn-fields." " The Bushel bean," a sponta- 

 neous growth, very flat, white and mottled with a purple figure, 

 was trained on poles [P. multiflorus ?] : " Indian Rounceval, 

 or Miraculous Pulse, so called from their long pods and great 

 increase ; they are very good, and so are the ' Bonavies, Cala- 

 vancies [= Garvances ?], Nanticokes,' and abundance of 

 other pulse, too tedious to mention, which we found the In- 

 dians possessed of when we settled in America "(Voyage to 

 Carolina, pp. 76, 77). 



