350 REVIEWS. 



cultivated," while the imported Windsor beans \_Vicia Faba] 

 and horse-beans proved failures, is to be noted. 



Wood, who was in Massachusetts from 1629 to 1633, says 

 that the Indians "in winter-time have all manner of fowles, 

 Indian beanes, and clams " (N. E. Prospect, pt. 2, ch. 6). 

 Roger Williams, 1643, gives the Indian name of these beans 

 in the Narragansett dialect : " Manusqussed-ash " (plural) ; 

 Cotton's Massachusetts vocabulary (1727-8) has (sing.) 

 " Monasquisset, an Indian bean ; " President Stiles, about 

 1760, heard the name in the Pequot dialect as "Mushquis- 

 sedes" (MS. Vocab.) ; Zeisberger, 1776 and 1803, wrote it 

 in the Delaware, with dialectic modification, " Malachxit ; " 

 and we can trace it in the modern Shyenne " Monisk " (Hay- 

 den's Vocab., 1862) and " Monchka." In the Chippeway, the 

 kidney-bean has received — probably from some local variety 



— a different name: " Miskodissimin," i. c. "red-dyed seed 

 (or fruit) ; " and this name, modified as " M'skochl-tha," was 

 used by the Shawanees of Ohio. 



To return to New England, Josselyn, who was in this coun- 

 try, 1638-9, and again, 1663-71, in his catalogue of " plants 

 proper to the country," names " Indian beans, falsely called 

 French beans :" "the herbalists call them kidney-beans, from 

 their shape and effects. . . . They are variegated much [in 

 size and color] ; besides your Bonivis and Calavances, and the 

 kidney-bean that is proper to Roanoke : but these are brought 

 into the country : the others are natural to the climate " (N. 

 E. Rarities, p. 56 ; Voyages, p. 73-4). Here is reference to 

 at least two species of American beans, one " proper to New 

 England," the other from Roanoke — perhaps P. multiflorus. 



Besides the names already mentioned — "Monasquisset," 

 with its variants — there is another, in northern Algonkin lan- 

 guages, for kidney-beans, which must have originally belonged 

 to some high-twining variety. Eliot used it, in the plural, for 

 "beans" in 2 Samuel, xvii. 28, tuppuhquam-ash — which lit- 

 erally signifies " twiners ;" and Rasles (1691-1700) gave, in 

 the " Kennebec- Abnaki" of Maine, for "faseole," aHeba'kwe 



— from the same root. A modern Abnaki vocabulary shows 

 that this name is still in use — as " ad-ba-kwa." 



