BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. 375 



article 50, so as to read, " When an ineditecl name has been 

 published (by another botanist), in attributing it to its author, 

 those who afterwards mention it ought to add the name of the 

 person who published it ; for example, Leptocaulis, Nutt. in 

 DC. ; Oxalis lineata, Gillies in Hook." 



This is reasonable, and in the first instance such names will 

 almost of necessity be so cited, must always be so cited when 

 work, volume, etc., are specified. But De Candolle remarks 

 that the addition will soon vanish ; for instance, " Cynoglossum 

 dliatum, Douglas, Mss.," published by Lehmann in " Pugil- 

 lus," etc., and in Hooker's " Flora Boreali Americana," will 

 soon come to be quoted simply as " Cynoglossum dliatum, 

 Dougl.," that is, just as other names are quoted. And why 

 not ? Because, it is said, the name dating only from the pub- 

 lication, it is necessary to know when and where this vicarious 

 publication was effected. For this " Nutt. in DC." may fairly 

 serve, nearly all names published by De Candolle being con- 

 tained in the " Prodromus." Xot so, however, with " Gillies 

 in Hook." Sir AVilliam Hooker published very widely, in 

 periodicals, in the " Botanical Magazine," and in numerous 

 independent works. In such cases the double citation gives 

 little help. The experienced botanist may know where to 

 look ; the inexperienced must turn to indexes at once ; for 

 both these must be the final and the usual resort ; and in them 

 the double has little if any advantage over the single citation. 

 Moreover, if this principle is fully applied, the number of 

 double-cited names may be inconveniently numerous. The 

 first volume of Torrey and Gray's " Flora of North America " 

 abounds in species and genera published by them for Nuttall. 

 If these have all to be permanently quoted " Nutt. in Torr. 

 & Gray," why not also the many species published, say by 

 Bentham in De Candolle's "Prodromus," in the "Flora 

 Brasiliensis," etc., and even the species published by Brown 

 in the second edition of the " Hortus Kewensis," and else- 

 where? On the whole it seems probable that these double 

 citations will be used only in first or in early quotations, or in 

 special instances ; that it will not be deemed necessary to 

 retain them when the names become settled in Floras or 



