RUDSTONE. 211 



RUDSTONE. 



[ccxxiv. 4. p. 501.] 



The lower jaw which has been drawn with this skull was not found 

 in connexion with it, but was lying, in the long- barrow whence it 

 came, at no very great distance from it. It may very well have be- 

 longed to it, inasmuch as, though its colouration is somewhat dif- 

 ferent, it shows the same male characters ; has a somewhat similar 

 amount of wear upon the grinding surface of its teeth, which other- 

 wise correspond in the way of co-adaptation to those of the upper jaw 

 of the skull ; and has been similarly channelled externally by rootlets. 

 It has not been possible to say anything as to the long bones of the 

 skeleton to which this skull belonged, but the skull taken by itself 

 enables us to say positively that we have here to deal with the 

 remains of a man ' past the middle period of life ' who was probably 

 of considerable muscular strength. The skull is eminently long 

 and lofty, and specially interesting as showing how ' occipital 

 dolichocephaly,' as here measured by drawing a line at right angles 

 to the line of extreme length so as to lie as a tangent to the anterior 

 border of the auditory foramen, is really dependent more upon the 

 length of the parietal than upon that of the occipital bone. This 

 is plain enough upon simple inspection of the skull in its norma 

 lateralis ; and it is shown, secondly, by the very small difference, 

 only amounting to T 2 oths of an inch, which subsists between the 

 extreme length, 7.6", and the fronto-inial length, 7-4", taken to 

 the commencement of the linea nuchae mediana ; the measurements 

 of the frontal, 5. 2", parietal, 5-4", and occipital, 5-2" arcs, are not so 

 clearly indicative. Professor Jeffries Wyman 1 by a measurement of 

 eleven normal crania obtained an average of \z$mm. (=4-92") for 

 the frontal arc, 124 mm. (=4-88") for the parietal, and 11 7 mm. 

 (=4-60") for the occipital; whilst three adult synostotic crania 

 gave for the frontal, parietal, and occipital arcs respectively 129-2 mm. 

 { = 5"), 142 mm. ( = 5.59"), and 119 mm. (=4-68"). Welcker 2 

 similarly obtained, as against an average from normal crania for the 

 sagittal suture or parietal arc of 126 mm. ( = 4-96), an average from 

 eleven skulls with premature obliteration of the sagittal suture 



1 See ■ Observations on Crania/ p. 32,. Boston, 1868. 



2 * Wachsthum und Bau des menschlichen Scbadels,' p. 15, 1862. 



P 2 



