UPON THE SERIES OF PREHISTORIC CRANIA. 247 



pointed out above, p. 189, or as seen in such a skull as the one 

 figured xiv. PL xii. 'Cran. Brit/ from Wetton Hill Barrow, being 

 by no means rare in brachycephalic series. 



Whatever differences may exist among craniographers as to the 

 existence of sexual differences in the matter of the ' length-breadth 

 index/ there is no room for questioning the fact that the height 

 in women's skulls 1 , very variable though this measurement is, 

 holds usually a less favourable relation to the length and 

 breadth than it does in males. The only three instances in 

 which I have in this series of dolichocephalic skulls found the 

 latitudinal to be less than the altitudinal index, or, in Professor 

 Cleland's (I. c. p. 148) and Professor Busk's (' Journ. Ethn. Soc.' 

 1871, p. 467) language, found the skull to be ' tapeinocephalic,' 



Weisbach, 'Arch, fur Anthrop.' iii. 74, 75, 81 ; Broca, 'Rev. Anthr.' ii. 1, 1873, pp. 30-32. 

 Very conflicting statements have been put forward as to the relative development in 

 males and females of the posterior part of the cerebrum. I incline to hold that in 

 most dolichocephalic races what Huschke calls the ' Zwischen-Scheitel-Hirn quae in 

 fossis cerebri ossis occipitis liegt ' is absolutely subequal to and therefore relatively 

 greater than the homologous segment in males. As against this may be set the greater 

 relative length of the basis cranii in males of our own as of other species. This is a 

 difference however which amounts at most to about two millimeters, an excess insuffi- 

 cient to counterbalance that frequently observable in the female interparietal region. 

 On the other hand, in typically brachycephalic races this absolutely and relatively 

 shorter basis cranii and the absolute equality of the male and female intertuberal 

 diameters in the parietal region do not rarely give female skulls a higher length- 

 breadth index than male skulls of the same race possess. 



1 This point is well put forward by Weisbach, ' Archiv fur Anth.' iii. 1. 66, 1868, in 

 his account of the German female skull, which in this particular admits of wider 

 application : ' Die Hohe unserer Weiberschadel von der Mitte des vorderen Randes des 

 Grossen Hinterhauptloches zum Scheitel welche im Mittel nur 125 Mm. in den 

 einzelnen Fallen 118 bis 139 Mm. betragt ist wie alle bisherigen Maasse weniger 

 veranderlich (16.8 Proc), als beim Manne (21-8 Proc), jedoch unter den drei 

 Hauptdimensionen den Meisten Schwankungen zuganglich, die Breite den geringsten ; 

 wahrend am mannlichen Schadel die Lange die geringsten, Breite und Hohe fast 

 die gleichen individuellen Schwankungen erleiden. Das Minimum der Hohe haben 

 beide Geschlechter gemeinsam, wogegen die Maximalhohe des Weibersehadels sich 

 nur wenig iiber das Mittel des Mannerschadels (133 Mm.) erhebt, dessen Maximum 

 (147 Mm.) jenes des weiblichen Geschlechtes weit iibertrifft. Die Hohe des Weiber- 

 sehadels hat im Vergleiche zu der des mannlichen noch das eigenthumliche vor den 

 anderen Hauptdurchmessern voraus, dass sie von derselben sich viel weiter (J 1000, 

 9 939) entfernt, daher auch der Weiberschadel im Verhaltnisse zu seiner Lange 

 (1000: 729) viel niedriger als der mannliche (738) ist.' Dr. Thurnam ('Further 

 Researches,' p. 25), found as many as 8 out of 48 male skulls, and as many as 7 out 

 of 19 female skulls, of the long-barrow period to be 'tapeinocephalic.' For 'the 

 latest accession of height in the male skull being wanting in the female ' see Cleland, 

 1. c. 148, 164 ; for the reverse from the Caverne de l'Homme Mort, see ' Rev. d' Anthr.' 

 ii. p. 29. 



