282 GENERAL REMARKS 



intercrossing of the two stocks. Such skulls are all found in 

 barrows of the later period, and all, while retaining both the contour 

 and the proportions of the brachy cephalic type, still exceed the 

 great majority of such skulls in the matter of cubical capacity. His 

 and Rutimeyer consider the largest of the skulls treated of by them 

 in their ' Crania Helvetica ' (p. 44), skulls to wit with an average 

 capacity of 1638 cc. = circa 100 cub. in., a maximum of 1820 cc.= 

 circa in cub. in., and a minimum of 1430 cc. = 87-27 cub. in., to be 

 the result of the intercrossing of their ' Sion typus/ which is the skull 

 of the ' Pfahlbauten * and (p. 34) ' unserer Keltischer Vorfahren ' 

 and corresponds to many of our long-barrow skulls, with their 

 ' Disentis Typus,' which corresponds to many of our round-barrow 

 skulls. It is of great importance to note this coincidence as to the 

 facts observable in Switzerland and in Great Britain respectively. 



A second variety of skull, which I incline to consider a ' Misch- 

 form,' is found in round barrows containing both dolichocephalic 

 and brachycephalic crania, lying together peacefully and in equally 

 honourable positions within their precincts. These skulls differ from 

 those just spoken of in being dolichocephalic by measurement, but 

 they resemble them in combining with this proportion of breadth 

 to length the precipitous dip downwards of the posterior half of 

 the parietals which is so characteristic of brachycephaly generally, 

 and the great height which is so characteristic of the brachy- 

 cephaly of prehistoric times. A skull figured by Dr. Ad. Pansch 

 ('Arch, fur Anth/ vi. 3, p. 175, 1873) as found in a deposit cut 

 into in the excavations for the new harbour at Kiel and in surround- 

 ings which, without definitely proving the skull to have belonged 

 to the stone age (pp. 174, 179), did yet vindicate for it claims to a 

 very considerable antiquity, gives a very good representation of this 

 form of skull. Another may be found in the ancient British skull 

 from a barrow at Kennet, near Abury, North Wilts, figured and 



Indians, are, according to Dr. Hancock, remarkable for their physical superiority over 

 their progenitors on either side, and this he says is a well-known fact.' Per contra, 

 * Most of the criminals of Nicaragua are, according to Squier, Zamboes, bigger and better 

 made than their parents, without possessing any of their good qualities.' Dr. Beddoe's 

 investigations into the stature and bulk of man in the British Islands ('Mem. Anth. 

 Soc' iii. 553) have led him to say, 'on the whole, the results of my tables tend to 

 support, but only in a feeble way, the current opinion as to the advantageous effect of 

 crossing upon size.' Professor Broca (' Memoires,' i. p. 342) says, ' L s amelioration des 

 races par des croisements est fortement contestee aujourdhui ; ' but he should have 

 added, I think, words limiting the dispute to France. 



