302 GENERAL REMARKS 



A second skull, to which the foregoing description as to age, sex, 

 contour and other characters, with a slight alteration as to the 

 supraciliary ridges being smaller, would apply almost word for 

 word, was obtained by Canon Greenwell from a cave at Ryhope in 

 the county of Durham. With this skull and lower jaw there came 

 to the University Museum from this cave a second lower jaw, which 

 had belonged to a strong man, and resembles in many particulars 

 the lower jaws of the earlier British prehistoric race ; and the lower 

 jaw of the skull, altered by cerebral hypertrophy, has its angles 

 inverted in a manner frequently noticeable in lower jaws of early 

 races. These points have some importance, as some doubt exists as 

 to the date of this ' cave-find.' The measurements of this Ryhope 

 skull are as follows : — 



III. Diseases and irregularity of teeth in Prehistoric Series. 



Mr. Mummery in a valuable paper published firstly in the 'Trans- 

 actions of the Odontological Society of Great Britain,' vol. ii. p. 1, 

 Nov. 1869, and subsequently (1870) in a separate form with addi- 

 tional notes, has given at considerable length, and also tabulated, the 

 results of his observation upon dental disease as existing in pre- 

 historic races, having examined for this purpose a large proportion 

 of the series in the Oxford Museum and also several other col- 

 lections. In the same paper he has also recorded the results of his 

 investigation of dental disease in various existing savage tribes, 

 such as the Australians, the Eskimos, the Negroes, and the Red 

 Indians. Mr. Mummery has pointed out that amongst as many as 

 sixty-eight Wiltshire skulls of the long-barrow period in Dr. Thur- 

 nam's collection he could find only two cases of decay, whilst 

 amongst thirty-two skulls in the same collection from the round- 

 barrow period there were seven cases. In sixty Yorkshire dolicho- 

 cephali, however, Mr. Mummery says no less than twenty-four 



1865; Jenner, Lectures on Rickets, 'Med. Times and Gazette,' i860; Virchow, 

 ■ Untersuchungen fiber die Entwickelung des Schadelgrundes,' Berlin 1857, pp. 99- 

 102, ibique citata. 



