308 GENEKAL REMARKS 



significant fact, will be seen very plainly when I add that all the 

 other lower jaws from every period, inclusively of the bronze down 

 to the present day, and from almost every variety of our species 

 available in the ethnological series of the Oxford Museum for this 

 comparison, have only furnished to me seven specimens with simi- 

 larly bifid canine-fangs, and that of these seven only one belonged 

 to a modern civilised race. This one presented other anomalies in 

 its dentition which should render it perhaps unnecessary to consider 

 it here, and the same may possibly be said of yet another of these 

 seven, irfasmuch as it belonged to the skull 'B-udstone, lxiii. 4/ 

 which has already been referred to (above, pp. 30 t -302) as fur- 

 nishing some evidence for the existence of the disease rickets in the 

 bronze period. Of the other five, one was found amongst more than 

 a hundred Peruvian crania obtained from the collections made by 

 Consul Hutchinson ; two came to me from among six lower jaws 

 collected for me in South Africa by the late Mr. Frank Oates of 

 Christ Church, the small size, low coronoids, and feeble chins of 

 which indicate that they probably belonged, as reported, to an 

 outcast tribe, probably Bushman (Article XXV) ; a fourth belonged 

 to a ' pure-blooded Gond,' as guaranteed by the donor, Captain 

 H. A. Hammond, from Chindwara in Central India ; the fifth, 

 curiously enough and also suggestively, belonged to one of the 

 South Welsh skeletons buried in the time of Charles I, as referred 

 to above, p. 170, note. 



Pruner Bey (' Bull. Soc. Anth. Paris,' s&\ ii. torn. ii. p. 244, 1867) 

 has recorded the discovery of a similarly bifid canine from the 

 famous cave-find of Naulette, in which, it may be added, evidence 

 of a lower-jaw wisdom tooth with quinquefid fangs, and of extremely 

 small incisors, was also found (ibid. torn. i. p. 587). The trans- 

 versely placed sockets of these fangs are very frequently represented 

 rudimentarily by raised ribs on the walls of undivided sockets, and 

 the same may be said of the sockets of the lower premolars, which 

 however I have never seen bifid, but which, judging from the 

 position of these raised ridges, would have had such double fangs 

 placed transversely to the jaw like those of the canines, not antero- 

 posteriorly like those of the molars behind them, or of their homo- 

 logues in Simiadae. 



If the importance of the fact of the greater relative frequency of 

 bifidity of the lower canine-fang in l priscan ' races and modern 





