392 ON THE PEOPLE OF THE LONG-BARROW PERIOD. 



level of the natural ground. The mammalian bones belonged to 

 ox, sheep, pig, dog, vole, and rabbit : the larger bones amongst 

 them appeared to be ancient ; whilst the smaller, like the bird- 

 bones, some of which belonged to a goose, and some to a fowl, and 

 some to a bird smaller than a pigeon, may have been comparatively 

 recently introduced into the barrow. None were stained with 

 manganese. 



September 28, Monday. — A fragment of a tobacco-pipe was 

 found low down, in fact, on the natural soil. On this day the 

 Rev. David Royce came upon the boundary-wall, which had two 

 prolongations inwards, to meet the chamber represented by the 

 large stones mentioned above, and formed thus a passage 4 feet 

 2 inches wide. The remainder of the day was employed in tracing 

 out the two horns of the east end of the barrow. 



September 29, Tuesday. — At a distance of 46 feet from the apex 

 of the re-entering angle, in the centre of the east end, we found the 

 skeleton of a child of about 5 or 6 years of age lying just outside 

 the boundary-wall, on the south side of the barrow. The child had 

 been buried in the contracted position, and had been laid upon the 

 right side, with one hand at its face and the other upon its hip. 

 The teeth have the same purplish blackening, due to manganese, 

 upon them, which has been so often observed in these long-barrow 

 bones from chambers. 



On this day we came upon what I believe may have been the 

 ruins of a 'cist,' i.e. of a closed grave, walled in with slabs, and 

 without any passage leading to the exterior such as has been noted 

 in the other barrows, and also in this, and as would have justified 

 us in speaking of it as a ■ chamber.' It was 80 feet from the re- 

 entering angle at the eastward end, and being about 5 feet 6 inches 

 by 4 feet, had its long axis at right angles to, and in the middle 

 line of, the barrow. In this cist were found parts of two adult 

 human skeletons, one belonging to a strong man, the other to a 

 woman past the middle period of life ; of the skeletons of three 

 children of from 7 or 8 years of age ; of one child, of about % years 

 of age or less ; of a dog's skeleton, lying in situ, and close to the 

 bones of the old woman, as also scattered bones of ox and sheep. 

 The bones themselves, closely packed at first, had been much 

 disturbed subsequently, as had also the cist itself. An indication 

 of this was furnished to us by the discovery of the fragments of a 



