ON THE PEOPLE OF THE LONG-BARKOW PERIOD. 395 



be expected in the bones of people of such early times, living in a 

 bleak upland country, such as the neighbourhood of Swell. 



From the contents of this cist a child's skull has been recon- 

 structed by Mr. Wm. Hine. Aet. circa 7 or 8. 



Ext. length . . . .6.5 

 Ext. breadth . . . .5*1 

 Vert, height . . . . 5.3 



Least frontal 

 Lowest frontal 

 Ceph. ind. 



3-4 

 4-5 

 78 



This is a high cephalic index, but its height is explained by 

 the skulls having been reconstructed in the interests of brachy- 

 cephalism, a direction the reverse of what is usual in reconstructed 

 or shrunken skulls; and that this is so, is demonstrable from the 

 fact, that one of the temporals will not fit in between the parietal 

 and frontal s. 



The interior of the frontals in this skull were richly, and the inte- 

 rior of the parietals more sparingly, covered with vascular osseous 

 upgrowths, just as (skull E, May, 1864, Long Wittenham, Univ. 

 Museum) in many skulls in which the widening of the lower jaw, 

 and with it the easing outwards of the lateral walls of the skull, 

 begins to put an end to the constant pressure which the brain 

 previously kept up upon the skull's interior surface. 



Some of the bones from this cist are encrusted with stalagmite, 

 notably those of the old woman, but none of them have any man- 

 ganic discolouration. One of the humeri of the old woman, the right 

 one, has an olecranic perforation, this peculiarity being in the bones 

 from these barrows, as in some other cases * observed in the female 

 more frequently than in the male bones. Many of the bones are 

 beset with exostoses, as in the bones from Swell i. 



September 30, Wednesday. — On this day a third receptacle, 

 'cist,' or 'chamber/ was found to the north of the one just described ; 

 it was 4 feet 6 inches wide at its widest part, 3 feet at its narrower, 

 which occupied three-eighths of its entire length of 8 feet, so that 

 it had somewhat of the shape of a bottle. Its long axis, as was 

 the case in both the other similar receptacles, ran at right angles 

 to that of the barrow ; its narrower end was within a couple of feet 

 of the north wall of the barrow ; its south-east angle was 8a feet 

 from the re-entering angle of the east end. Within this 'cist' or 

 ' chamber' were found parts of no less than ten skeletons, of which 



1 See Broca, ' Mem.' ii. p. 366. 



