410 ANIMAL REMAINS FOUND AT CISSBURY. 



Mr. Tyndall's pit (see p. 364 of ' Journal of the Anthropological 

 Institute,' Jan. 1876, fig*. 1, k, Plate xiv). 



I. Remains from Mr. TyndalVs Bit. 



1. Distal end of left humerus of Bos primigenius, with some 

 marks of burning upon it. This fragment consists of the condyles 

 and so much of the shaft as to bring it up to a length of 7*7 inches. 

 Its large proportions are the first point which strikes the eye, 

 bringing to mind Caesar's words as to the urus of his day, ' magni- 

 tudine paullo infra elephantos.' Its brightish, glazed appearance 

 comes secondly under notice ; and, thirdly, the sharp definition of 

 its angles, and processes, and articular surfaces. Looking at it 

 a little more closely, we see a beautiful polygonal reticulation 

 standing out upon the bone, over the surface which gave origin to 

 the lowest fibres of the brachialis anticus. Just such an appear- 

 ance is presented by the neural arch of the third cervical vertebra 

 of Bos pri mi genius figured by Riitimeyer, Tab. iii. fig. 3 of his 

 'Fauna der Pfahlbauten,' and commented upon by him at pp. 15 

 and 72 of the same work. They are to be seen, but only in a 

 rudimentary form, in the humerus of a fine Chillingham bull lately 

 presented to the Oxford University Museum by the Earl of Tanker- 

 ville, immediately above what, in man, would be called the coronoid 

 fossa. The thickness of the cylindrical wall of the humerus is 

 20 millimeters. The extreme width at the condyles is 120 milli- 

 meters, as against 83 in the Chillingham bull. The circumference 

 taken at a tangent to the apex of the facet for the head of the 

 radius, is in the Cissbury bull 200 millimeters, as against 139 

 millimeters in the Chillingham bull. 



2. The measurements of an ungual phalanx from a fore-foot 

 of the Cissbury bull illustrate the axiom ex pede Herculem, and 

 will show any one who will construct a couple of triangles with 

 the subjoined two sets of dimensions how greatly the ancient wild 

 bull exceeded in size what Riitimeyer holds to be its modern repre- 

 sentative : — 



Fore ungual phalanx. Cissbury Bos. Chillingham Bos. 



Mill. Mill. 



Extreme length along inferior edge 90 72 



Extreme length along upper edge 70 53 



Height 64 48 



