426 ANIMAL REMAINS FOUND AT CISSBTJRY. 



its owner had lived in early times. For though well-formed jaws 

 are found in early cemeteries, it is certainly rare to find such a jaw 

 as this in the burial-places even of the bronze period. The thick- 

 ness of the bone is referable to the irritation which the only recently 

 completed evolution of the wisdom-teeth, as well as the injured 

 premolar, would cause ; when allowance is made for this, the sexual 

 characters of this lower jaw are as distinct as those of any other 

 part of the skeleton, and notably its inferiority in the points of 

 width and of muscular markings. 



The lower parts of both nasals are lost ; the upper halves form a 

 broad and low arch, above which a moderately developed glabella 

 passes without any mesial depression into similarly developed 

 supraciliary eminences on either side. The left supra-orbital notch 

 had, even at the early age at which this woman died, been con- 

 verted into a foramen. Viewed from behind, the lateral walls of 

 the occipital pentagon are seen to converge somewhat from the 

 point of maximum width, which lies a little below the level of the 

 faintly marked parietal tuberosities. In this aspect the skull is 

 seen to narrow rapidly, as if pinched in, immediately behind this 

 level of maximum width (see 'Journal of Institute/ vol. v. p. 124). 

 The upper part of the occipital bone, however, though its sides are 

 conformable with the posterior and inferior portions of the parietals, 

 is not produced so far backwards as is sometimes the case in skulls 

 of this type, and specially in male skulls, and, on account of this 

 truncation, it does not come largely into view in the norma verti- 

 cals. In this aspect the sides of the cranium are seen, as we follow 

 them forwards from the point of maximum width, to undulate 

 gently inwards over a space corresponding with a shallow post- 

 coronal depression, and then to taper very gradually to the region 

 of the frontal tubera ; as we follow them backwards they converge 

 with much greater rapidity, but still without giving a sharply 

 pointed occipital end to the vertical oval. It is aphaenozygous. 

 A circular depression, about half an inch in diameter, is seen on the 

 right parietal bone, its floor is covered with vascular ramifications, 

 but the injury to which its formation is due had been recovered 

 from long before death. All the cranial sutures in the vault of the 

 skull are free from anchylosis, except the frontal, which, as usual, is 

 closed, though it may be stated here that it is occasionally patent 

 even in undoubtedly priscan skulls. The occipito-sphenoid suture 



