458 EXCAVATION OF A CKANNOG AT 



One nearly perfect skull of a sheep of the variety which is 

 known as brachyura \ from having a short tail, but which also 

 has the horns of the goat, set on, it is true, with their long 

 axis at a different angle from that which they have in the true 

 goat, but still in themselves of very much the same shape. One 

 lower jaw in this series has the concave posterior boundary, and 

 the sinuosity anterior to its angle which goats usually, and sheep 

 only sometimes possess. It belonged however to an immature 

 individual, the posterior molar not having been evolved, and it 

 cannot be considered to positively prove the presence here of 

 Copra hircus* 



The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is very abundantly represented in 

 this series, especially by fragments of horns, some of which bear 

 marks of having themselves been cut and sawn by other imple- 

 ments, whilst one or two may possibly have been used, as the 

 tynes of red deer so often were by the early British flint-miners, 

 as borers. 



The roe deer [Cervus cajoreolus) is only scantily, though un- 

 ambiguously, represented in the collection from Lochlee. 



The horse (Equus caballus) is represented by but a single shoulder 

 blade ; it is of small dimensions relatively to most or all domestic 

 breeds with which I am acquainted ; this applies however to all 

 the domestic animal remains found here. 



Rein-deer (Cervus tarandus). — There are two more or less frag- 

 mentary portions of horns which, after a good deal of comparison with 

 other rein-deer horns, and with fragments of red-deer horns, I incline 

 to set down as indicating the presence of the former animal in this 

 collection. It is easy to separate rein-deer horns from red-deer horns 

 when you have the entire antler before you, or even when you have 

 the brow antler only, in most cases ; and it is usually easy to sepa- 

 rate even a fragment, if the fragment is fresh, because the surfaces 

 of these two horns are different. But here the two fragmentary 

 horns in question have no brow antler left, and their surfaces have 

 been macerated so long as to have desquamated, or, to change 

 from a medical to a geological metaphor, have been denuded a 

 good deal. Still, one fragment is, I think, too tabular, and the 

 other is too tabular also, and that just below the origin of what 



1 For reference to the history of this variety of Sheep, see 'British Barrows, 

 p. 740; also Article XVII. p. 341. 



