200 ESSA YS. 



1671, p. 276, notes that the " Helianthemum Tndicum tube- 

 rosum " is called " Chrysanthemum e Canada, quibusdam. 

 Canada et Artischoki sub ten a, aliis. Gigantea, Burgundis." 



P. Laurenberg, " Apparat. plant." (Rostock, 1632), names 

 the species " Adenes Canadenses or Flos Solis glandulosus." 

 Ant. Vallot, "Hortus Regis, Paris," 1665 (as cited by Bauhin), 

 gives the names " Canada and Artischoki sub terra," and 

 " Canadas," and describes also " Ilelenium Canadense altis- 

 simum, Vosacan dictum" which Tournefort distinguishes as 

 "Corona Solis rapunculi radice" (Inst. Herb. 490), and which 

 became H. strumosus, L. "Vosacan," by the way, is a French 

 fashion of writing the Algoukin word " wassakone " or " was- 

 sakwan," which means a " bright yellow flower." The mod- 

 ern Chippeways give this name to the flowers of the Pumpkin 

 and Squash. 



Under whatever name the Jerusalem Artichoke was de- 

 scribed, there seems to have been a general agreement among 

 European botanists that it came from Canada. F. Schuyl, 

 " Catal. Horti Lugd. Bat." (Heidelberg, 1672), varies the 

 specific name to " Chrysanthemum Canadense Arumosum." 

 P. Amman, " Charac. Plant. Nat." (1676), ha& " Helenium 

 Canadense.*' 



It was introduced to England about 1617. In that year, 

 Mr. John Goodyer, of Maple Durham, Hampshire, "received 

 two small roots thereof, from Mr. Franquevill of London," 

 which were planted, and enabled him, before 1621, to " store 

 Hampshire." He wrote an account of the plant, under date 

 of October 17, 1621, for T. Johnson, — who printed it in his 

 edition of Gerard, 1636 (p. 753). Before this the species 

 had been figured and described by J. Parkinson, in " Para- 

 disus Terrestris " (London, 1629), as " Battatas de Canada," 

 and in his " Theatre of Plants," 1640 (p. 1383), he has the 

 figure — a good one — without the desci-iption, under the names 

 "Battatas de Canada, the French Battatas, or Hierusalem 

 Artichoke." Johnson, in Gerard (p. 753), refers to Parkin- 

 son's description, and gives the name as " Flos Solis Pyrami- 

 dalis, Jerusalem Artichoke." It already grew "well and 

 plentifully in many parts of England." 



