PREHISTORIC TIMES IN BRITAIN. 557 



reference is given I. c. to any memoir of Professor Riitimeyer's ; and 

 I became, after writing the foregoing paper, acquainted with the one 

 in question from a mention of it made by Herr Edmund Naumann in 

 'Archiv fiir Anthropologic,' Bd. viii. i, 1875, p. 19, in a discussion 

 on 'Die Fauna der Pfahlbauten im Starnberger See.' From a perusal 

 of this paper of Professor Riitimeyer, I am inclined to think that he 

 would regard the skull (fig. 2) from the alluvium of the Thames valley 

 in the Oxford Univ. Museum as a skull of S. scrqfa, -vsiV. palustris. 

 I have spoken of it as the skull of a wild sow, considering, as said 

 above, p. 530, that early breeding may, in a species admitting of 

 such a wide range of structural oscillation, and notably in the matter 

 of mere size, account for a very great distance between its male and 

 female representatives (see for a similar view as regards our own 

 species 'Journal of Anthropological Institute,' vol. ii. 1875, p. 122). 

 I am not inclined to withdraw from this view even after reading 

 Prof. Riitimeyer's and Herr J. W. Schutz's memoirs. For in the 

 former of these I find (p. 151) that the Jive skulls used for descrip- 

 tion are acknowledged to be skulls of sows, and four of them to 

 have been skulls of old sows, and the measurements given at p. 163 

 have been taken exclusively from skulls confessedly female (see 

 p. 161). And I learn from Herr Schutz's essay (p. 44) that Steen- 

 strup (cit. Wiegmann-'s 'Archiv,' xxvii. n. 112) had distinctly stated 

 that the ' Torfschwein ' was (as I had hinted without any know- 

 ledge of his views, see p. 254, supra) simply the female representa- 

 tive of S. scrofa, var. ferus. Professor Riitimeyer had not at the 

 time of writing his 'Fauna der Pfahlbauten,' 1861 (see p. ^i'^^ ^ 

 single perfect skull of the 'Torfschwein' available to his com- 

 parison ; the almost perfect skulls treated of in his memoir of 

 1864 (see p. 150) have caused him to modify the view put forward 

 at p. 190 of the earlier work, and in the later one he allows (pp. 158-- 

 160) that, both in the matter of the length of the lacrymal and in 

 the absence of widening of the palate anteriorly, the 8. scrofa^ var. 

 palustris, was more nearly affined to 8. scrofa, ^2^x. ferus, than to 8, 

 indicus. To show this was the reason for giving a great number 

 of my measurements, supra, pp. 544-547. I take this opportunity 

 of saying that the very small breed of the Scottish highlands and 

 islands, with suberect ears, usually of a dusky brown colour, with 

 an arched back and coarse bristles along the neck and spine, spoken 

 of by Professor Low in his ' Domesticated Animals of the British 



