CEMETERY AT FRILFORD. 603 



shroud-pin, the perforated coins, and the knife, found both with 

 women's and men's skeletons — have been found with several skele- 

 tons at Frilford, which were interred in graves varying in depth 

 from eighteen up to twenty- seven and thirty inches, and varying 

 still more in their compass bearings.- In four of these cases, 

 skeletons, which must be supposed to have been Eomano-British, 

 have been found to underlie these Anglo-Saxon remains, just as 

 similarly inhumed skeletons have been already spoken of as under- 

 lying cremation urns. In one case a large fragment of a large 

 inpatterned urn, which resembles in style the urn found at Long 

 'ittenham, containing human bones (figured by Mr. Akerman, 

 Archaeologia/ xxxviii. 352, pi. xx. fig. 4), was discovered lying 

 >ver the pelvis of an Anglo-Saxon woman, buried with disc-shaped 

 fibulae, beads, and shards. The fragment was itself in seven pieces 

 when discovered ; but, as they have admitted of readjustment, the 

 fragment must have been put into the grave in the condition 

 which it is in as now restored, in accordance with the custom of 

 carefully replacing the fragments of a disturbed funeral urn, which 

 has been several times noted in other Saxon burials^. In another 

 of these interments some Roman tiling was found set along the 

 side of the grave, a practice which other Teutonic tribes, in their 

 imitation of the Koman civilisation, adopted, as has been observed 

 by Wanner 2. In another, a spear-head with the raised ridge, 

 which Mr. Akerman (' Pagan Saxondom,' p. x.) has observed is to 

 be seen on the assagaye of the modern Hottentot, was found ac- 

 companying a skeleton, the sex and nationality of which were 

 spoken to by the presence of an umbo and a buckle ^, as well as by 

 its osteological characters. Fibulae were not found with the male 

 skeletons; with the female skeletons the common disc- shaped 

 fibulae were the most usual. In one case, however, the cruciform 

 variety, such as Mr. Akerman has figured (' Archaeologia,' xxxix. 

 pi. xi. figs. 8, 9) from Long Wittenham, or {' Pagan Saxondom,' 

 pi. xviii. fig. i) from the neighbourhood of Rugby, was exemplified 

 in two fibulae found with a female skeleton, which was accom- 



* See * Inventoriura Sepulchrale,' Introd. p. xvi, &c. 



'^ 'Das Alemannische Todtenfeld bei Schleitheim,' p. 13. See also Lindenschmit, 

 ' Archiv fur Anthropologie,* ii. 3, p. 356. 



' For the indications which the presence of a buckle furnishes as to nationality, 

 see Akerman, 'Pagan Saxondom,' p. 58; Cochet, 'Tombeau de Childeric,' pp. 228, 

 234. 



