626 EXCAVATIONS IN AN ANCIENT 



day an average difference nearly equal to that just given, as de- 

 duced from my measurements, has been observed to exist between 

 the statures of the two sexes. And though the Romano-Britons 

 must be considered to have been a civilised population, it must be 

 borne in mind that the physical comfort, upon which such matters 

 as stature depend, of their times was something very different from 

 that of ours, when coal and glass ^ are more or less within the reach 

 of the poorest settled inhabitants of our country. The greater 

 relative stature of the males of this variety of the Romanised Celt 

 may perhaps be accounted for by their having been more exposed 

 to and invigorated by the influences of an out-of-door life ; whilst 

 the stature of the females, which is so disproportionately smaller as 

 compared with modern ratios, may have been due to their spending 

 their lives inside houses which, if light must have been cold, if 

 warm must have been dark — which had no chimneys, and only in 

 the case of the rich, hypocausts, and even in their case probably no 

 glass. 



Fourthly, a second form of cranium differing from the one just 

 described is found with similar archaeological surroundings. It 

 resembles this form in its noble proportions and indications of 

 culture; it equals or exceeds it in length, and is distinguished 

 from it by its greater breadth, and, whilst considering it to cor- 

 respond to the ' Sion Typus ' of His and Riitimeyer, I have spoken 

 of it in my catalogue and tables as the ' globose Romano-British ' 

 type. A very large proportion, six out of the eleven female crania, 

 and seven out of the ten male crania, referred by me to this type, 

 belonged to persons of considerable age. The men attained an 

 average stature of 5 ft. 8*5 in. The crania and the other bones of 

 this variety of men enjoying Romano-civilisation have resisted the 

 ravages of time better than those of the other form. There is no 

 reason, however, for supposing that this valuable peculiarity is 

 referable to any conditions not intrinsic to the bones themselves. 

 The mode of their sepulture is identical with that of the other form, 

 and one of the best-marked specimens of the type in question was 

 taken from a grave over which an Anglo-Saxon urn containing the 

 burnt bones of an adult was found. The larger skulls in this series 



* For introduction of panes of glass, or at least of the manufacturers of them, into 

 England in 680 a.d., see Wylie, Tairford Graves,' p. 17, and per contra Corbet 

 Anderson, ' Urlconium,' 1867, p. 69, ibique citata. 



