678 THE IRON, THE BRONZE, AND THE STONE AGES. 



belonged to a woman of about thirty years of age, or a little over. 

 The suture between the first and second vertebrae of the sacrum 

 is widely, but not symmetrically open, and its patency with a 

 greater width on the left than on the right side must be con- 

 sidered as due to some morbid process. All the sutures and epi- 

 physes of the limbs are closed and anchylosed ; so also are, to a 

 great extent, the sagittal and lambdoid sutures in the skull. The 

 characters of the facial bones, such as those of the elevation of the 

 nasal bones, and the proportions indicated by the measurements, 

 show that this Romano-British lady may have deserved the praise 

 of Martial as expressed in the following lines : — 



* Claudia caeruleis quam sit Rufina Britannis 

 Edita, quam Latiae pectora plebis habet ! 

 Quale decus formae Romanam credere matres 

 Italides possunt.' 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE BRONZE CONTROVERSY. 



Crawfurd, John, 'Supposed Stone, Bronze, and Iron Ages,' Trans. Ethn. Soc., N.S., 



iv. 1-13. 1866. 

 Wright, Thomas, *0n the true assignation of the Bronze weapons,' ibid., 176-196. 

 Lubbock, Sir John and Frederick, ' On the true assignation of the Bronze weapons,' 



ibid., V. 105-115. 1867. 

 Lindenschmit, ' Zur Beurtheilung der alten Bronzefunde diesseits der Alpen, und der 

 Annahme einer nordischen Bronze-cultur,' * Archiv fur Anthropologic,' viii. 3, 

 161, 177. 1876. 

 Hostmann, Review of Hans Hildebrand's ' Das Heidnische Zeitalter in Schweden,' 



translated by Mestorf, 1873, 8vo., A. A. viii. 278-314. 1876. 

 Mestorff reviews Engelhardt in the following pages, 315-320, of the same Journal. 

 Sophus Miiller, ' Dr. Hostmann und das nordische Bronzealter,' ibid., ix. 2 and 3, 



127-141. 

 Hostmann, *Zur Kritik der Kulturperioden,' A. A., ibid, 185, 219. 1876. 

 C. E. V. Baer, • Das Zinn von wo ?' A. A., ix. 4, 187, 7, pp. 263-269. 

 Sophus Miiller, *Zur Bronzealters Frage,' 27, 41. \ 

 Hostmann, ' Zur Technik der Bronze," 41-63. ( A. A., x. 2. 1877. 



Lindenschmit, 'Zu den Vorstehenden/ 63-73. j 

 Hostmann, *Hoher Alter des Eisen-verarbeiten,' A. A., x. 4, 418. 

 See also for an excellent, though not distinctly controversial, account of the Bronze 

 Age in North Europe, a memoir, in an octavo of less than 140 pages, by Sophus 

 Miiller. * Die nordische Bronzezeit und deren Periodentheilung * von Sophus Miiller, 

 aus dem Danischen von J. MestorflP, Jena, 1878. 



The beautifully illustrated work, ' Le bel Age du Bronze Lacustre,' by E, Desor 

 and L. Favre, 1874, ^^^ been referred to above. 



The first volume of the Newcastle Archaeologia, 1822, contains a valuable article by 

 the Secretary, the Rev. John Hodgson, under the title, * An Enquiry into the Era 

 when Brass was used in purposes to which Iron is now applied.' — pp. 1 7-99. 



