ADDRESS ON ANTHROPOLOGY. 891 



something like their original independence, and in the possession of 

 an unoverwhelmed numerical representation ? The latter of these two 

 alternative possibilities is certainly often to be seen realised within 

 the limits of a modern so-called 'English'or so-called ' British 'family ; 

 and His has laid this down as being the result of the investigations 

 above mentioned into the Ethnology of Switzerland. At the same time 

 it is of cardinal importance to note that His has recorded, though only 

 in a footnote, that the skulls which combine the characters of his 

 two best-defined types, the *Sion-Typus' to wit, and the 'Disentis- 

 Typus,' in the ' Mischform,' which he calls ' Sion-Disentis Misch- 

 linge/ are the most capacious of the entire series of the ' Crania 

 Helvetica/ exceeding, not by their maximum only, but by their 

 average capacity also, the corresponding capacities of every one of 

 the pure Swiss types \ Intercrossing, therefore, is an agency which 

 in one set of cases may operate in the way of enhancing individual 

 evolution, whilst in another it so divides its influence as to allow of 

 the maintenance of two types in their distinctness. Both these 

 results are of equal biological, the latter is of pre-eminent archaeo- 

 logical interest. Betzius ^ was of opinion, and, with a few qualifi- 

 cations, I think, more recent Swedish Ethnologists would agree, 

 that the modern dolichocephalic Swedish cranium was very closely 

 affined to, if not an exact reproduction of the Swedish cranium of 

 the Stone Period ; and Virchow ^ holds that the modern brachy- 

 cephalic Danish skull is similarly related to the Danish skull of the 

 same period. There can be no doubt that the Swedish cranium is 

 very closely similar indeed to the Anglo-Saxon ; and the skulls 

 which still conform to that type amongst us will be by most men 

 supposed to be the legitimate representatives of the followers of 

 Hengest and Horsa, just as the modern Swedes, whose country has 

 been less subjected to disturbing agencies, must be held to be the 

 lineal descendants of the original occupiers of their soil. I am in- 

 clined to think that the permanence of the brachycephalic stock and 

 type in Denmark has also its bearing upon the Ethnography of this 

 country. In the Bound-Barrow or Bronze Period in this country, 

 sub -spheroidal crania (that is to say, crania of a totally different 



1 See Dr. Beddoe, 'Mem. Soc. Anth. Lond.' iii. p. 55^; Huth, p. 308, 1875; D. 

 Wilson, cit. Brace, 'Eaces of the Old World,' p. 380; and His, 'Crania Helvetica.* 

 ^ • Ethnologische Schriften,' p. 7. 

 3 ' Archiv fiir Antliropologie,' iv. pp. 71 and 80. 



