KELATIVE VALUE OF CLASSICAL AND SCIENTIFIC TRAINING. 919 



other of the two sets of studies, and without injury to the physical 

 or mental health of the learners. 



But it is time, perhaps, that we should let Von Pettenkofer speak 

 for himself; and this he does (at p. 12, I.e.) to the following 

 effect:— a am convinced that philology and mathematics furnish 

 precisely the material for teaching and intellectual discipline which 

 is essential for our Gymnasia, and I look upon the material furnished 

 by other sciences as mere accessories. I know that in puttino- 

 forward this view, which I do not do now for the first time, I put 

 myself into opposition with the tide of opinion which is prevalent 

 just at present, and which anticipates great advantages from the 

 introduction of additional subjects of instruction, and especially 

 from the introduction of instruction in natural science into " Latin 

 schools (Lateinschulen) and Gymnasia." ' Further on (p. 16) he 

 proceeds as follows : — ' The results of actual experience appear to 

 me to favour my views. In other parts of Germany experiments 

 have now, for a long while, been made with Gymnasia and similar 

 institutions, in which much natural science is taught. But I 

 cannot as yet discover that any remarkable number of persons who 

 have subsequently distinguished themselves in natural science have 

 come from these schools. In this matter reliable statistics of the 

 pupils leaving (der Abiturienten) a Berlin Gymnasium, the so- 

 called " Old Cologne Gymnasium,^' in which natural science has 

 for a long while formed part of the curriculum, would be very 

 instructive. Distinguished men come, from time to time, from this 

 Gymnasium, but certainly not in greater numbers than from any 

 other classical [Humanistischen) Gymnasium where no natural 

 science at all is taught. It would long ago have been a notorious 

 fact if a disproportionate number of the younger professors of 

 natural science in the Prussian Universities could have been shown 

 to have been formerly students in the Cologne Gymnasium.' We 

 imagine that this ' Old Cologne Gymnasium ' thus referred to by 

 Von Pettenkofer is none other than the ' mixed ' (simultan) school 

 described by Mr. Matthew Arnold under the name of the Friedrich 

 Wilhelm's Gymnasium at Cologne, in his ' Schools and Universities 

 of the Continent,' pp. % 1 8-221 ; and but that more antagonism and 

 less familiarity subsisted between North and South Germany six 

 months ago than, we are happy to think, subsists now, we appre- 

 hend that more would have been made of the history of this 



