934 TYPHOID OR ENTERIC FEVER 



mortems. Much the same applies to the utterances of this Report 

 (p. 15) as to Peshawur, another of the places the gaols of which 

 were referred to by me and Dr. Buchanan after Dr. De Renzy (see 

 Dr. Buchanan's * Report,' p. 96, note), thirty-nine cases of death 

 among" the soldiers being ascribed to a ' continued fever, which 

 bears the strongest resemblance to, if it be not identical with, the 

 enteric fever of Europe.' Though the Report never names the gaol 

 fever, it would appear that it was regarded as identical with that 

 raging outside, for we have great stress laid on the befoulment of 

 the water-supply of the whole population ; and at p. 281 we are told, 

 ^all classes appear to suflPer from this bad water. Prisoners in gaol 

 have nothing else vo drink. ^ 



The gaol fever of the third gaol, that of Umballah, in which 

 a fever was found to spread in spite of an earth conservancy. 

 Dr. De Renzy appears to hold (p. 1 28), upon the Report of Dr. Bateson, 

 to have been relapsing fever. But the precautions he lays stress 

 upon in the case of the town of Ambalah (Umballah), pp. 133—135, 

 are such as would be efficient against enteric rather than against 

 typhus or its congener, relapsing fever. Two cases of typhoid, one 

 verified by a post-mortem, are reported by Dr. De Renzy (p. 125) 

 from Simla. 



I will now proceed to comment upon another statement of 

 Dr. Buchanan's. At p. 91 of his Report, after quoting the opinions 

 of seven gentlemen — the Rev. Henry Moule^ Mr. Oswald Foster^ 

 Mr. Garnett of Lancaster, the Governor of Dorchester Gaol, the 

 late Dr. Meyer of Broadmoor, Surgeon-Major Wyatt, and Captain 

 Mervin Drake, — he says : ' From this favourable expression of 

 opinion there are some very few dissentients ;' and he proceeds to 

 enumerate three — namely, Dr. Geo. Johnson, Prof. Pettenkofer, and 

 myself. I have to say that to our three names Dr. Buchanan 

 should have added : Firstly, eight names of the Army Sanitary 

 Commissioners — namely, those of General J. H. Grant, Captain 

 Douglas Galton, Dr. John Sutherland, H. H. Massy, Esq., 

 T. A. L. Murray, Esq., W. E. Baker, Esq., Sir J. R. Martin, 

 and Robert Rawlinson, Esq. For the Commission composed of 

 these eight gentlemen issued, on March 8, 1869, a memorandum 

 on a ' Report and Order of the Madras Government upon the Dry- 

 Earth System of Sewage in the Madras Presidency,' which was 

 circulated more or less freely in England, which was republished in 



