938 APPENDIX. 



bottles, vases, flat round dishes or mortaria, and a saucer or small cup. 

 Two uninjured jars were procured 2.4'' high and 8'^ in maximum width, 

 and a furrow ran round each jar at the plane of maximum width. The 

 pottery has been preserved in the University Museum, Oxford. The 

 mortaria were frosted internally with fine quartz-sand. Coarse flattish 

 pieces of burnt clay marked as if with impressions of straw, like a cream- 

 cheese, were found in considerable abundance ; they were believed to be 

 the wrappers used in covering the pots over during the baking. A few 

 fine shards with an encrusting filagree pattern were also obtained. In 

 colour the pots and shards were either red, grey, or black and yellowish, 

 usually unglazed. Some pieces had a hard bright glaze not unlike 

 Etruscan, but there was no attempt at the red figures one sees on real 

 Etruscan ware. As a rule they were like the Roman pottery made at 

 Castor and Upchurch. Pieces of Samian-like ware were also obtained 

 ornamented with figures of wild animals, which were interesting as 

 showing a not very successful attempt at copying the continental Samian. 

 The shards were found not only in immediate proximity to the kilns, 

 but scattered over various parts of the farm. Along with them were 

 a good many masses of half-burnt or less than half-burnt clay. A sort 

 of mask representing a semi-comic face was found with some of the 

 shards, and along with it some teeth of bos and cervus. Potters' marks, 

 not names, but consisting of circles, crosses, horizontal and vertical lines, 

 were seen on some of the shards. 



The well was situated to the north of No. i kiln. Nos. i and 2 kilns 

 were to the north of a quarry made in the year 1878, and traces of two 

 other kilns were to its south. Two of the kilns, one of which was double, 

 were made of rough stones set in clay, and a third was made of clay 

 burnt in situ. On a plan of the kilns constructed by Mr. Cobbold it is 

 stated that the double kiln had a floor of burnt clay with holes in it, and 

 contained coarser rubbish than the outside, also two whole pots and 

 many large pieces with a layer of white ash at the bottom. The two 

 divisions of this kiln were separated by a partition of rough stones, and 

 they both opened into a common passage. This kiln including its passage 

 was about 8 feet long, and the two divisions, including the intermediate 

 partition wall, were about 7 feet wide. The kilns had apparently been 

 dug out of the natural sand, and were covered over with black earth 

 containing shards and rubbish ; and in the earth adjoining the double 

 kiln two human skeletons and a few ox-bones were found. The human 

 bodies had apparently been flung into a rubbish-pit close to the double 

 kiln, a potter's field wherein strangers or slaves were buried. 



