GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 



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Classes at Kennel Club Shows : 



OPEN CLASSES. Open to all, no prize-winners 



being debarred from competing. 

 LIMIT CLASSES. For dogs which have not won 

 more than six First Prizes at Shows held under 

 K.C. Rules in such classes as are eligible 

 for free entry in the K.C. Stud Book. 

 NOVICE CLASSES. For dogs which have not 

 won a First Prize at a Show held under 

 K.C. Rules in any class where the First Prize 

 is /2 or more. Wins in Puppy, Local, Mem- 

 bers', or Selling classes excepted. 

 SPECIAL NOVICE CLASSES. For dogs which 

 have not won a First Prize at a Show held 

 under K.C. Rules in such classes as are 

 eligible for free entry in the K.C. Stud Book. 

 MAIDEN CLASSES. F'or dogs which have not 

 \von a First, Second, or Third Prize at a Show 

 held under K.C. Rules. Wins in Puppy, 

 Local, Members', and Selling excepted. 

 JUNIOR CLASSES. For dogs under 18 months. 

 BREEDERS' CLASSES. For dogs or bitches which 



are bred by exhibitor. 

 PUPPY CLASSES. For dogs over three and 



under twelve months old. 

 LITTER CLASSES. For Litters (not less than 



two) under three months old. 

 SELLING CLASSES. F'or dogs entered to be 

 sold at a price not exceeding the limit named. 

 BRACE. For two dogs (either sex or mixed) 

 of one breed, each to be entered in some 

 other class than Brace or Team. 

 TEAM. For three or more dogs (either sex 

 or mixed) of one breed, each to be entered 

 in some other class than Brace or Team. 

 STUD DOG AND BROOD BITCH CLASSES. To be 

 judged on merits of progeny only. The 

 Stud Dog or Brood Bitch must be present at 

 the Show. 



Cobby. Well ribbed up ; short and compact 

 in proportion, like a cob horse. 



Comb Fringe. The hair that droops or hangs 

 down from the tail of a Setter. 



Corky. Compact and alert looking. 

 Couplings. The body of a dog between the 

 limbs. The term denotes the proportionate 

 length of a dog, which is spoken of as being 

 short or long "in the couplings." 



Cow-hocked. The hocks turning inward, giving 

 an ungainly appearance to the hind legs. This 

 is a serious fault in a dog, and especially so in 

 the larger breeds. 



Crest. The upper arch of a dog's neck, usually 

 applied to sporting dogs. 



Cropping. A cruel practice, obsolete in this 

 country since 1895, by which a dog's ears were 

 cut in order to make them stand erect and 

 pointed. 



Culotte. The feathery hair on the thighs of a 

 Pomeranian or a Schipperkc. 



Cushion. The swelling in the upper lips of a 

 Bulldog, or Mastiff, which gives them an appear- 

 ance of fulness. 



Dewclaw. An extra claw and rudimentary 

 toe found occasionally on the inside of the 

 lower portion of the hind leg of many dogs, 

 especially the St. Bernard and other mountain 

 breeds. JThey arc usually removed with a strong 

 pair of scissors. This operation is best performed 

 in puppyhood, when the dam's tongue will soon 

 heal the wound. 



Dewlap. The loose, pendulous skin under 

 a dog's chin ; prominent in the Bloodhound. 



Dish-faced. A depression in the nasal bone 

 which makes the nose higher at the tip than at 

 the stop. 



Docking. The cutting or shortening of a 

 dog's tail. The Spaniel's tail is docked to pre- 

 vent injury to it when hunting in coverts and 

 thick undergrowths. The operation should be 

 performed in very early puppyhotxl, the hair 

 being pulled well back towards the rump and about 

 one-half of the tail being taken off with a pair 

 of strong scissors. It was formerly the practice 

 to bite the tail off with the teeth to prevent 

 bleeding. 



Down-faced. When the nasal bone inclines 

 downward towards the point of the nose. 



Draft. To remove hounds from a kennel, or 

 pack. 



Drop Ear. The same as button ear, but hang- 

 ing close to the cheeks. 



Dudley Nose. A flesh-coloured nose. 



Elbow. The joint at the top of the fore-arm. 



Elbows Out. Referred to a dog whose elbows 

 are not close to the body, as in the Bulldog. 



Enter. To train a sporting dog for his future 

 work. Young hounds when first put into a pack 

 are said to be entered. 



Faking or Trimming. A common but dis- 

 honest practice performed on a dog to make 

 him appear better than he actually is. There are 

 special rules of the Kennel Club which deal 

 with this matter of the preparation of dogs for 

 exhibition, viz : 



A dog shall be disqualified from winning a 

 a prize, or from receiving one, if awarded, 

 at any Show held under Kennel Club Rules 

 save and except in such cases as are specified 

 hereunder, under the head " Exceptions," if 

 it be proved to the Committee of the Show : 



1. That any dye, colouring, whitening, or 

 darkening matter has been used and remains 

 on any part of the dog. 



2. That any preparation, chemical or otherwise 

 has been used, which remains on the coat 



