TURDUS PALLASI : HERMIT THRUSH. 55 



midsummer is a good indication that such locality 

 belongs to this Fauna. It is found chiefly in low, 

 damp woods, and in thickets. The nest is usually 

 placed in a bush or 

 low tree, in the situa- 

 tions just indicated, 

 a few feet from the 

 ground. It is com- 

 posed of leaves and 

 grasses, with a layer 

 of mud, and then a 



lining Of fine rOOtletS. FIG . Q ._ HEAD OK WOOD THRUSH. (Natsize.) 



The eggs, four or five 



in number, are greenish-blue, like those of the Robin, 



but smaller, being 1.05 to 1.12 in length by 0.68 



to 0.75 in breadth. They are laid usually about 



the last of May. The bird arrives from the south 



early in May, and departs for its winter home during 



October. 



HERMIT THRUSH. 

 TURDUS PALLASI Cab. 



Chars. Above, brownish-olive, changing on the rump and upper 

 tail-coverts to reddish-brown ; under parts white, shaded with 

 olive-gray on the sides, tinged with buff on the neck and breast, 

 and marked with numerous large angular dusky spots. Throat 

 unmarked. A yellowish ring round the eye. Bill dusky, most 

 of the under mandible pale. Mouth yellow. Eyes brown. Feet 

 pale brownish. Length of male, 7.00-7.50 ; extent, 11.00-12.00 ; 

 wing, 3.50-3.75 ; tail, 2.75-3.00 ; bill, 0.45 ; tarsus, i.oo. Female 

 smaller, scarcely 7.00 long, &c. Very young birds are speckled 

 on the upper parts, like other species of this group, and of vari- 

 ous related families of Oscines. 



