POMONA COLLEGE JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BOTANY 203 



pyramids of a dark green color. Should be planted not less than fifty feet apart. 



Cunninghamia sinensis, from China, offers about the same outline as A. 

 bidwillii, but with branches more drooping, the foliage of distinctly glaucous color. 

 It will stand more cold and more heat, but needs deep soil and plenty of moisture 

 at the roots, otherwise losing its lower branches and looking very unsightly. The 

 finest specimens that I know of are at the Tevis place near Bakersfield, where 

 the range of temperature is pretty wide, but soil is deep and moist. Plant fifty 

 feet apart. 



Cedrus deodara, or "Himalayan Cedar," is well known in gardens, but has 

 never been much used as an avenue tree. I know only of the Santa Rosa avenue 

 in Altadena, which is certainly very striking, but the effect is spoiled by the avenue 

 not being wide enough and by the trees having been set much too close together. 

 It should not be less than forty feet. 



Cupressus sempervirens, the "Italian" or "Oriental Cypress," has been, of 

 late much used (and abused) in California gardens. It is sure to make splendid 

 venues, like those of the most ancient and more beautiful villas in Italy, but one 

 must not forget that in rich soil and with plenty of moisture, it is sure to lose its 

 character and "to grow fat," its lateral branches spreading out under the over- 

 weight of foliage ; also that the full effect of a cypress avenue cannot be obtained 

 in only a few years. The spreading form of the Italian cypress, much despised 

 in California, will make splendid trees, even in the poorest soil, having the same 

 outline and offering the same scenic effect as firs and spruces, which are an 

 impossibility here. If planted in rich and moist soil Cupressus horizonthalis will 

 be at its best, displaying more fully its above mentioned character. The "columnar" 

 form can be planted as close as sixteen or twenty feet, the "spreading" one will 

 require at least twice as much. 



Cupressus guadalupensis, "Blue Cypress" of Guadalupe island, not over 

 seventy feet in height, and normally of a peculiar "ovoidal" outline, at least up to 

 a certain age. Particularly recommendable for dry, rocky locations, growing 

 naturally upon disintegrated lava currents. Quite "blue" in the young age, and 

 its bark peeling off, just like cherry trees and Araucaria cunninghamii. With age 

 it is much liable to vary, both in color and in outline, as I had the opportunity 

 of remarking when in Guadalupe island many years ago. Plant from twenty-five 

 to forty feet apart. 



Cupressus arizonica, (Figure 80), from the mountains in northern Arizona, 

 will retain its silvery color, better than the preceding. It will grow not quite 

 as tall and will spread more at the base, while it will stand much more cold and 

 any amount of drought. Plant from thirty to forty feet apart. 



Australian Eucalyptus are recommendable for avenues, including the common 

 E. globulus, "Blue Gum," which to this date has been used along roadways, 

 probably more extensively than any other tree but rather as a most effective wind- 

 break than for beautifying the same. The following kinds appear to be more 

 particularly recommendable for avenues : 



Eucalyptus citriodora, "Lemon-scented Gum," quite unique for its smooth, 

 ivory white, tapering trunk, rising to one hundred and fifty feet, and for its 



