II. CRYPTOGAMS. 95 



WEISSIA CONTROVERSA. Pastures and fallow fields, frequent. Epping 

 Forest ;* and on a bank by the road to Chingford Mill, from Edmonton.* 



WEISSIA CIRRHATA. On old railings and thatched roofs, frequent. In 

 Roehampton Lane ;* roof at Cricklewood ;* Harrow, road to Harrow 

 Weald.* 



ZYGODON VIRIDISSIMUS. Trunks of trees, rare (?). Darent Wood ;* 

 woods about Tunbridge Wells. 



MINOR CRYPTOGAMS: THALLOGENS, 1 

 LICHENS. 



LICHENS. Rare in the immediate neighbourhood of London, but plentiful 

 in Epping Forest ; Wormley and Broxbourne woods ; Burnham Beeches 

 and other woodland parts ; Harrow Weald Common ; Surrey heaths, 

 &c. ; old stones near churchyards, &c. ; old walls. 



The following are but a small portion of what may be found by collectors : 



ARTHONIA ASTROIDE A .Trunks of trees. 

 BOOMYCES RUFUS. Rare, heaths. 



CALYCIUM CURTUM, TRICHIALE. Old trees and planks. 



CLADOXIA COCCIFERA, CORNUTUS, FIMBRIATA, FURCATA, PYXIDATA, 



RADIATA, RANGIFERA. SYLVATICA. Heaths. Surrey, and Bucks ; Keston 



Common ;* Harrow Weald Common ;* Pinner Wood. 



EVERINA PRUNASTRL Old trees and woods. 

 GRAPHIS STRICTA. Trunks of trees. 



LECIDIA. Several species. Walls, heaths, bark of trees. 



LECONORA SUBFUSCA and varieties. Trees, old walls, &c. L. VITELLINA, 



old palings. 

 LEPRARIA VIRIDIS, FLAVA, ALBA. Trunks of trees. 



OPEGRAPHIS ATRA, BETULINA. Bark of trees. 



1 The study of the minor Cryptogams, of this section of them especially, is difficult, 

 >wing to the chaos of nomenclature and terminology which obtains : a partial acquain- 

 tance with the subject is, however, indispensable to the student. Most of the typical 

 brms of British Lichens may be learned from the species indicated, and specimens of 

 ?ungi should be collected which may illustrate the various ways in which the spores 

 are arranged ; as, for instance : 



1. Spores naked : on plates, Agaricus ; on spines, Hydnum; in pores, Boletus; &c. 



2. Spores free, enclosed in a sac : Lycoperdon. Other forms, G easier, Phallus, &c. 



3. Spores in spore- cases, exposed or immersed in the substance of the plant: 



Helvella, Tuber, &c. 



A.S for the vast and formidable array of anomalous vegetable growths known as blights, 

 nildews, mould, oak-spangles, etc., they have no claim to be classed as fungals, what- 

 ever may be said for Clavaria, Sphaeria, Peziza, and other amorphous vegetations of 

 i membranous, horny, fleshy, and even gelatinous structure. For instructions as to the 

 >est method of preserving these minor Cryptogams, s.e 'Science Gossip,' September and 

 )ctober, 1872. 



