118 



FARMER'S CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK 



Calf diphtheria — This disease is also 

 known as necrotic inflammation of the 

 mouth and occurs in young cattle, caus- 

 ing ulcers and canker patches in the 

 mouth. The disease is due to the necro- 

 sis bacillus. Ordinarily it is local, af- 

 fecting only the mouth and pharynx, 

 but in serious cases there is considerable 

 fever, a dribbling of saliva and loss of 

 appetite. Occasionally the nostrils are 

 affected. Diseased animals should be 

 separated from the rest of the herd at 

 once and the mouth should be washed 

 with a 2 per cent solution of creolhi 

 or a 1 per cent solution of carbolic acid. 



Malignant catarrh i s a n infectious 

 disease of the respiratory and digestive 



a 2 per cent solution of creolin or a 

 2 to 4 per cent solution of lysol as a 

 mouth wash, in the early stages. 



Malignant edema i s a form of gan- 

 grenous speticemia which affects nearly 

 all domestic animals, as well as man. 

 The hind legs are dragged forward in a 

 stiff manner and trembling appears in 

 various muscles. A high fever accom- 

 panies the disease, together with swel- 

 lings at the point of infection, which 

 crackle on pressure. The disease may be 

 distinguished from blackleg, however, 

 by the fact that it appears in isolated 

 cases and never as an epizootic. The 

 best treatment is surgical, consisting 

 in an opening of the swellings and an 



Pig. 05 — CASE OF TEXAS FEVER 



organs and fortunately is not common 

 in the United States, except occasion- 

 ally in Minnesota, New York and New 

 Jersey. The disease is ushered in with 

 a chill, followed by fever, drooping of 

 the head and quivering of the muscles 

 in various parts of the body. The eye- 

 lids become inflamed and discharge quite 

 freely. The mucous membrane of the 

 mouth, nose and throat, as well as the 

 other respiratory passages, is also af- 

 fected, and often, also, the intestines. 

 The mortality from this disease ranges 

 from 50 to 90 per cent. There is no 

 satisfactory treatment, but some bene- 

 fit may be derived from the use of 



application of a 30 per cent solution 

 of peroxide of hydrogen. 



Texas fever, also known as southern 

 cattle fever, splenetic fever, red water, 

 etc, is a disease of the blood due to a 

 blood parasite which destroys the red 

 corpuscles and which is carried from 

 one animal to another by means of the 

 cattle tick. This disease occurs every- 

 where in the United States south of the 

 quarantine line, which runs an irregu- 

 lar course from Virginia to California. 

 The disease also occurs in South Amer- 

 ica, Europe, South Africa and else- 

 where. In the English colonies it is 



