132 



FARMER'S CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK 



premises where hogs have been raised 

 for years, it is best to take all reason- 

 able precautions to prevent this disease 

 as a result of castration wounds. There 

 is no practical treatment which can be 

 adocted after tetanus develops in hogs. 



Fig. 86 — HOGS WHICH DIED DURING 



SHIPMENT. ILLINOIS EXPERIMENT 



STATION 



Infectious catarrhal pneumonia — A 

 catarrhal pneumonia is occasionally ob- 

 served in pigs, and is undoubtedly of an 

 infectious nature. It attacks chiefly 

 young pigs under four months of age. 

 It spreads rapidly among the animals 

 in a piggery but does not show a high 

 rate of mortality. The chief symptom 

 is coughing, with difficulty in breathing, 

 the coughing spells being sometimes 

 quite violent. The fever is not high and 

 the appetite is not much affected if the 

 sick pigs are kept in fairly warm quar- 

 ters. It can be readily distinguished 

 from hog cholera or swine plague by the 

 fact that it does not attack old animals. 

 A post mortem examination shows the 

 presence of red patches on the surface of 

 the lungs. The control of the disease 

 is to be accomplished largely by pre- 

 ventive measles, such as quarantine 

 and cleanliness about the piggery. 

 Some benefit is obtained by giving cre- 

 olin in doses of 1 teaspoonful in milk. 



Fig. 87 — DISEASED KIDNEY OF HOG 



Blood poisoning — Distinction is com- 

 monly made between two forms of blood 

 poisoning. The first form, also called 



pyemia, is due to the penetration of 

 bacteria into wounds and their final dis- 

 tribution throughout the body. In such 

 cases abscesses may form in almost any 

 of the internal organs, or upon the sur- 

 face of the body. In the other form of 

 blood poisoning, commonly known as 

 septicemia, the bacteria which cause 

 the trouble remain near the wound where 

 they gained entrance and multiply rap- 

 idly, producing a poisonous substance 

 or toxin, which is carried through the 

 body in the blood, causing a fever and 

 other well-known symptoms, particu- 

 larly a pronounced dullness and muscu- 

 lar tremors. As a rule the hog is little 

 susceptible to blood poisoning, but in bad 

 cases death may take place within a 

 few days. There is no satisfactory 

 treatment for the disease except of a 

 preventive nature, which consists in 

 cleaning any skin wou^d which the hog 

 may receive and treating it with an an- 

 tiseptic such as carbolic acid in a 1 per 

 cent solution, or corrosive sublimate at 

 the rate of 1 part to 1000 in water. 



Infectious joint-ill — The symptoms 

 of this disease are weakness, fever, 

 diarrhea, swollen and painful joints and 

 abscesses in various parts of the body, 

 particularly near the navel. The disease 

 affects young pigs only a few days old 

 and probably arises by an infection of 

 the navel, as occurs with young calves 

 and colts. The rate of mortality is quite 

 high and treatment is useless, except in 

 the way of preventing the disease. If 

 infectious joint-ill has occurred in a cer- 

 tain pen, no sow should be allowed to 

 farrow in that pen until it has been thor- 

 oughly disinfected. The disease may 

 also be prevented, in most cases, by 

 washing the navel cord with a 10 per 

 cent solution of creolin soon after the 

 pigs are farrowed. 



Trichinosis i s a disease caused by 

 Trichinella spiralis and affects man, 

 swine and rats. Occasionally it is also 

 observed in the badger and other ani- 

 mals. The trichina is a minute worm, 

 from 0.04 to 0.1 of an inch in length 

 and in the adult stage lives in the in- 

 testines of man, swine and other mam- 

 mals. The number of young produced 

 by each female amount to several thou- 

 sand, and the young worms immediately 

 migrate through the intestinal walls and 

 finally coil up in the muscles, where 

 they cause intense pain, headache, diges- 

 tive troubles, abdominal pains, vomiting 

 and fever. The symptoms are fre- 



