214 



FARMER'S CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK 



for a stockman living near the smaller 

 towns and cities to put up a high-grade 

 class of bacon, ham, mutton, beef and 

 poultry and sell to private consumers 

 direct. Where a high-grade trade of this 

 character can be worked up, there is 

 nearly double the profit by killing and 

 selling in this manner than by selling 

 alive. 



Laws relative to shipping stock — In 

 order to prevent the spread of animal 

 diseases from one state to another, to 

 protect the public health against the 

 killing for food of any diseased, ema- 

 ciated, or pregnant animal, and to pro- 

 tect and foster the export trade in 

 sound animals and meat, national, state 

 and local laws bearing on these matters 

 bave been enacted. 



The national laws deal with inter- 

 state and foreign trade, and their admin- 

 istration is intrusted to the Bureau of 

 Animal Industry of the United States 

 Department of Agriculture. 



Diseased animals must not be 

 shipped — These laws require that before 

 any cattle or other stock is offered for 

 transportation, the shipper shall exercise 

 reasonable care to ascertain that his ani- 

 mals are not affected with any con- 

 tagious or infectious disease. Should a 

 shipper send diseased animals to mar- 

 ket, they might be quarantined any- 

 where on the road or after they had 

 reached their destination, which would 

 result in a great loss of time and a total 

 loss of all -profits besides subjecting the 

 shipper to arrest. If . the animals are 

 diseased, this fact must be stated to the 

 transportation. company at the time of 

 shipment and a special pen set aside for 

 receiving them at the stock yard. Be- 

 fore using the same cars again for carry- 

 ing stock, they must be thoroughly dis- 

 infected. 



Quarantine line area — To pre- 

 vent the spread of splenetic or Texas 

 fever of cattle, a national quarantine 

 line has been established, which takes 

 in nearly all of the southern and south- 

 western states. Cattle from below this 

 line can be shipped into markets north, 

 east and west of it only in accordance 

 with the rules and regulations of the 

 department of agriculture. At present 

 these provide that cattle may be shipped 

 during the months of January, Novem- 

 ber and December without restrictions. 

 They may be shipped at any time by 

 rail or boat to a recognized slaughter 

 center outside the quarantined area for 

 immediate slaughter, but cannot be 



trailed, driven or hauled therefrom in a 

 private conveyance. 



When thus shipped, the cattle must 

 be slaughtered within two weeks after 

 arrival at destination. Cars containing 

 such stock must be marked Southern 

 Cattle. The waybills, bills of lading of 

 such shipments, must contain a like 

 statement. Any cattle outside of the 

 quarantine line which may be infected 

 with the southern cattle tick, may dis- 

 seminate Texas fever, and are, there- 

 fore, subject to the regulations govern- 

 ing the movements of cattle originating 

 in the quarantined area. 



Dipping required — Southern cattle 

 may also be shipped to any points out- 

 side the quarantined area at any time, 

 providing they have been properly 

 dipped under the supervision of an in- 

 spector of the Bureau of Animal Indus- 

 try, and are shipped in clean, disinfected 

 cars and not driven through the quar- 

 antined area or unloaded therein, except 

 at such points as may be designated in 

 the rules of t^e Secretary of Agriculture. 



When cattle, after proper dipping and 

 inspection, are shipped from the quar- 

 antined area, to points outside, for pur- 

 poses other than immediate slaughter, 

 the owner or consigner of the cattle 

 must give a signed statement to the 

 transportation company, showing the 

 purpose for which the cattle are shipped, 

 and this statement must in every case 

 accompany the waybills. 



Permits granted — In states which 

 have been quarantined against scabies 

 in cattle or sheep, a permit must be 

 obtained from the inspector of the Bu- 

 reau of Animal Industry, before the 

 stock can be sent to market. If diseased, 

 such stock must be dipped, in dips rec- 

 ommended by the Bureau of Animal 

 Industry, before shipment can be made. 

 Stock not visibly affected with the scab- 

 ies may be shipped, without inspection, 

 from points in the quarantined area, 

 and where the services of the inspector 

 are not readily procurable to any recog- 

 nized slaughtering center for immedi- 

 ate slaughter. The car in which such 

 stock is shipped must be labeled "unin- 

 spected cattle," or, in the case of sheep, 

 "dipped scabby," or, if exposed to the dis- 

 ease, "exposed sheep for slaughter." 



Stockers must be dipped — If scabby 

 cattle or sheep are shipped for stockers 

 or feeders, they must be dipped at least 

 twice at intervals of 10 days apart, un- 

 der the supervision of the inspector of 

 the Bureau of Animal Industry, 



