16 Feedti and Feeding. 



lbs. In 100 lbs. of live lean pig there are but 2.67 lbs. of ash. The 

 pig has the least mineral matter in its body of any of the farm 

 animals, 



22. Protein.— The muscles, tendons, ligaments, hide, hair, horns, 

 blood, nerves, all internal organs, and a part of the organic portion 

 of the bones are nitrogenous or protein in character. Most of the 

 ])rotein is in the muscular tissues or lean flesh. The fat calf has 

 15.2 lbs. of dry nitrogenous substance, or protein, for each 100 lbs. 

 of fasted body weight. This proportion is slightly increased in 

 the half-fat ox, but reduced in the fat one. There is less protein 

 in the lean sheep and pig than in the fat calf, while in the extra-fat 

 sheep and fat pig there are but 10.9 lbs., mostly lean meat, in each 

 100 lbs. of body. 



23. Fat.— In the fat calf there are 14.8 lbs. of fat for each 100 

 lbs. of fasted body weight. This is increased to 19.1 lbs. in the 

 half-fat ox, and 30.1 lbs. in the fat ox. Lean sheep show 18.7 lbs. 

 of fat, while extra fat ones run up to 45.8 lbs. per 100 lbs. The 

 lean pig shows 23.3 per ct. and the fat pig 42.2 per ct. of fat. 



It is interesting to observe that the body of the fat calf contains 

 almost as much fat as dry lean meat, and that of the fat ox more 

 than twice as much. Even in the lean sheep or the store pig there 

 is much more fat than lean meat, while the sheep or the pig, when 

 extra fat, has 4 times as much dry fat as lean meat, their carcasses 

 often being nearly one-half fat. 



24. Water and dry substance.— The next two columns show the 

 dry substance and water in the animal body. We learn that 63 

 out of every 100 lbs. live weight of the fat calf's body is water. 

 With the half-fat ox the water is materially reduced, and in the 

 fat one it amounts to only 45.5 per ct. Considerably more than 

 half the body weight of the calf, and nearly half that of the fat ox, 

 is water. In extra fat sheep the water falls to 35.2 lbs., the lowest 

 for any farm animal, while for the fat pig it is 41.3 lbs. for each 

 100 lbs. of body. For all the animals studied, 49 lbs. in every 100 

 of the body weight, or nearly 50 per ct., is water. The supreme 

 importance of water in the animal body is strikingly brought out 

 by these figures. 



25. Nitrogen and ash. — The following table shows the nitrogen 

 and the principal ash constituents in the fasted live weight of the 

 animals analyzed at Rothamsted, and also in milk and unwashed 

 wool : 



