140 Feeds and Feeding. 



freely used as an adulterant of feeding stuffs, especially with 

 ground corn, the combination then selling as ground corn and oats. 

 In manufacturing oatmeal, after the kernels are hulled they are 

 freed from the minute hairs which adhere to one end of the kernel. 

 Small as these hairs are, they form with fragments of the kernels 

 a product of great volume, known as oat dust, which has a feed- 

 ing value between that of the hulls and oat middlings. Oat feed, 

 oat shorts, and oat middlings are products ranging from low to 

 high in feeding value. 



IV. Barley and its By-products in Brewing. 



Barley is the most widely cultivated of the cereals, growing as 

 far north as 65° north latitude in Alaska and flourishing beside 

 orange groves in California. Once the chief bread plant of many 

 ancient nations, it is now used almost wholly for brewing, pearling, 

 and stock feeding. Richardson^ found that Dakota barley con- 

 tained the highest per cent of crude protein, and Oregon barley the 

 lowest. The closely adhering hull of the barley grain constitutes 

 about 15 per ct. of its total weight. Besides the common barley 

 there are varieties of barley without beards and still others with- 

 out hulls. This grain has less digestible crude protein than oats, 

 and considerably more than corn. The carbohydrates exceed those 

 of oats and fall below those in corn, and the oil content is loAver 

 than in either of these grains. 



171. Barley as a feed.— On the Pacific slope, where corn or oats 

 do not flourish in equal degree, barley is extensively used as a feed 

 for animals. The horses of California are quite generally fed on 

 rolled barley, with wheat, oat, or barley hay for roughage. (413) 

 Barley is the common feed for dairy cows in northern Europe. 

 The Danes sow barley and oats together in the proportion of 1 part 

 of barley to 2 of oats, the ground mixed grain from this crop being 

 regarded as the best available feed for dairy cows and other stock. 

 (624) At the Virginia Station- calves made excellent gains on 

 barley and skim milk, but corn proved cheaper. At the Washing- 

 ton Station^ steers made cheaper gains on wheat than on barley, 

 and still cheaper on the two grains mixed. (527-8) In Great Britain 

 and northern Europe barley takes the place of corn for pork pro- 

 duction, leading all grains in producing pork of fine quality, both 



' U. S. Dept. Agr,, Div. of Chem., Bui. 9. " Bui. 172. ^ Bui. 79. 



