PARSLEY FAMILY, Umbelliferx. 



Sometimes called Golden Alexanders. 

 P sniD ^ western species not very distant from 



Thaspium Zizia aurea. It has medium green lance- 



aureum shaped or ovate, toothed leaflets, three of 



Golden yellow which generally compose a leaf ; the root- 

 une- ugus jg^ves are single, mostly distinctl}^ heart- 

 shaped, the others simply rounded at the base. The 

 golden yellow flowers are gathered in sparse flat-topped 

 clusters. The seed is equally angled with deep flanges 

 or ribs and is distinctly difi"erent in this respect from the 

 flat seeds of Pastinaca saliva ; they mature in early au- 

 tumn. 15-36 inches high. Found on the borders of 

 thickets, and woodland roads, from Ohio, west to Mo., 

 southwest to Tenn., and west to 111. The var. atropur- 

 pureuni bears deep dull purple flowers, and is confined 

 to the same range. T. barbinode is a similar species 

 with stem- and leaf-joints and flowering stems more or 

 less fine-hairy. Leaves with 3-6 leaflets. Flowers light 

 gold yellow. Seed with seven prominent wings. Beside 

 streams, commonest in the Mississippi Valley ; N. Y., 

 west to Minn., and south. 



A stout and branching species often 

 a er arsnip gj-Qvyj^g jn shallow water. The compound 

 cicxiicefoUum leaves deep green, with 7-15 linear or lance- 

 Dull white shaped leaflets sharply toothed ; the finely 

 J"'y- cut lower leaves generally submerged. 

 September r^j^^ ^^^^ ^^,j^.^^ flowers are in a flat dome- 

 shaped cluster. The seeds are prominently ribbed, and 

 the leaves are variable in form. 2-6 feet high. Through- 

 out the country. 



A similar but smaller aquatic species 6- 



Berula 34 jj^ches high, with 7-19 leaflets, more or 



less lobed, and a dome-shaped cluster of 



white flowers. From N. Y. to 111. and Neb. Also in 



the Rockies and the far west. 



A very common smooth perennial, found 



ar y ea ow shaded roadsides or meadow borders. 

 Parsnip 



Zizia aurea The medium light green leaves are doubly 



Light gold compound ; generally three divisions (or 



yellow leaflets, properly speaking) of 3-7 leaflets, 



ay- une ^^ narrow, pointed, and sharply toothed, 



310 



