BELLFLOWER FAMILY. Campanulaceae. 



a previously visited flower is brushed off and cross-ferti- 

 lization is effected. The harebell is also visited by the 

 bees of the genus Halictus and the beelike flies. 6-18 

 inches high. On rocky cliffs, dry or moist, in barren, 

 sandy fields or grassy places, and in shade or sunshine, 

 on mountain-top or meadow. Me., south to N. J., west 

 to S. Dak., Neb., and in the Rocky Mountains south to 

 Ariz ; also in the mountains of Cal. A native of Eu- 

 rope and Asia as w^ell, and identical vrith the bluebell of 

 Scotland. A degenerate mountain form mistakenly 

 thought to be the var. arctica is a much smaller plant 

 bearing a single flower. 



A species common in grassy swamps, 

 ^J? with branching, slender, weak, reclining 



Campamda stems, bristly rough on the angles, like 

 uparinoides Galium asprellum. The light green, lin- 

 White or ear lance-shaped leaves are rough on edge 



lavender ^^^ midrib ; indistinctly shallow-toothed, 



and stemless. The single white or pale 

 lavender flowers scarcely ^ inch broad, deeply cleft into 

 five acute lobes spreading open like a deep saucer, are 

 arranged terminalh* . 6-20 inches high. In wet grassy 

 ground everyw^here, west to S. Dak., Neb., and Col. 

 TUB iifi ^ ^^^^ annual or biennial with a slightly 



Campanula fine-hairy, erect, slender, green stem, 

 Americana rarely branched. The ovate or ovate 

 Light violet lance-shaped, stemless, light green leaves 

 " ^' are long and drooping ; the lower ones are 



narrowed at the base like a stem ; all are 

 acute-pointed and toothed. The dull- toned light violet 

 or nearly white flowers grow from the angles of the 

 leaves and form a slender terminal spike ; the one inch 

 wide corolla has five long, acute, spreading lobes ; the 

 style curves downward and then upward (as in the Py- 

 rola), extending far beyond the mouth of the flower. 

 The commonest visitors are the honeybee, the bumble- 

 bee, and the " Yellow- Jacket " hornet. Flower-stalk 

 frequently 18 inches tall. In moist shady places, in- 

 land, from N. Y., south to Fla., and west to S. Dak., 

 Kan., and Ark. The name is from the Italian Cam- 

 pana, a bell, in allusion to the shape of the corolla. 

 4t)U 



