COMPOSITE FAMILY. Composlttc. 



dandelion, closes in rainy or cloudy weather and opens 

 only in sunshine. There are few florets in a single head 

 but these are highly developed M'ith gracefully curved, 

 branching styles ; the exposure of the double stigmatic 

 surface thus, in a measure, insures self-fertilization in 

 the absence of insects. The most frequent visitors are 

 the bees — the honeybee, the leaf -cutter bee (.l/egoc/iz7e), 

 and various species of Halictus and Andrena, ground 

 bees. 1-3 feet high. 



An odd but attractive j^lant, naturalized 

 Tawny from Europe, with a stout stem, and a 



Homy levy ccd 



Hieracium flower-cup closely covered with sepia 



aurantiaciwi brown hairs, the rusty character of which 

 Tawny orange gave it the common name in England of 

 July- Grim the Collier. The coarse, blunt, lance- 



shaped leaves covered Avith short gray 

 hairs are nearly all at the base of the plant. The tawny 

 orange flowers (with light golden pistils), strap-rayed and 

 finely fringed at the edge, are grouped in a small ter- 

 minal cluster, and are quite delicately fragrant. Visited 

 by the bees Halictus and Andrena, and the smaller 

 butterflies — Pieris rapoe, white, and Colias philodice, 

 yellow. 7-16 inches high. In fields, woodlands, and 

 along roads, from Me., south to Pa., and west to N. Y. 

 Growing to be a troublesome weed in fields and pastures 

 of northern Vermont. 



A generally smooth species ; the light 



Canada green, lance-shaped leaves with coarse and 



Hawkweed . , , , , , , i ,. i-i 



Hieracium wide-spread teeth, and the dandelionlike, 



Canadense Very small yellow flowers in a loose 



Pure yellow branching cluster terminating the leafy 



^"'^" stem. In October the plant is decorated 



with tiny brown globes of down. 1-4 feet 



high. In dry woods northward, south only to N. J. 



A similar northern plant with a droop- 



leracium ing-branched loose flower-cluster, gener- 



paniculatum ^ , i i 



ally smooth stem and lance-shaped leaves, 



and smaller yellow flowers. The thin leaves almost 



stemless, and very slightly, if at all, toothed. 1-3 feet 



high. South as far as Ga. 



526 



