744 



THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



weighs 62.5 pounds we could figure out quickly how much 

 weight there would be in the box when filled with water. 

 If now the depth of the box is called d, the breadth b, 

 the length 1 and the volume v, then the formula express- 

 ing the volume is as follow: 



v=d b 1 



From this formula the depth d can be found by dividing 

 both sides of the equation by bl: 



bl 



which teaches that the depth of box is found by dividing the 

 volume by the product of breadth times the length. 



Likewise, if it be required to find the breadth of a re- 

 quired box it would be done by dividing the volume by the 

 product of length times depth, thus : 



V 



B= 

 LD 



and the length would be found by dividing the volume by the 

 product of depth time breadth or : 



V 



L= 

 BD 

 So the four formulas : 



V V V 



V=DBL, D= , B= , and L=- 

 BL DL BD 



are all derived from the simple principles of equations which 

 have been illustrated in this article. 



Land Speculation Retarding Settlement 



BY W. D. HORN AD AY 



TO CONSERVE WATER FOR IRRIGATION. 



New Company Is Formed at Pueblo to Gather Data. 



Representatives of severall Colorado irrigation projects 

 met at Pueblo recently and took steps toward the formation 

 of the Colorado Water Conservation Association, an organ- 

 ization for gathering data with a view to prevent unnecessary 

 loss of water available for irrigation purposes. 



The incorporators of the concern, the certificate of incor- 

 portation of which was filed for record, are P. J. Dugan, who 

 is considered one of the best posted attorneys in the West on 

 matters pertaining to irrigation ; J. C. Teller, of the Teller 

 Reservoir and Irrigation project; W. J. Lester, general man- 

 ager of the Pueblo-Rocky Ford company; N. M. Tabor, of 

 the Skinner-Tabor project; V. G. Garnett, a large stockholder 

 in several projects. 



Representatives of several other irrigation projects in 

 the Arkansas valley are interested in the membership of the 

 new organization. It is planned to promote legislation which 

 will have for its object the conservation of the water of all 

 streams in the state, and to promote economical use of the 

 watei . 



Another object of the society will be the gathering of 

 data in regard to all streams used for irrigation purposes. 

 The principal offices of the organization will be in Pueblo. 

 Promoters hope to make the society an active factor in pre- 

 venting the waste of water, to the disadvantage of the agri- 

 cultural interests of many farming sections. 



Chester W. Smith, formerly engineer in the U. S. Recla- 

 mation Service, has resigned from that position for private 

 employment in engineering work. Mr. Smith entered the 

 service December 16, 1904, and from that time to the date of 

 his leaving the service was in direct charge of the construc- 

 tio nof the Roosevelt Dam, Salt River project, Arizona. 



An analysis of the immigration statistics of the railroads 

 show tljat 190 homeseekers are entering Texas daily and' 

 remaining there permanently. Not all of these new-comers, 

 go to the farm. The settling of the great unoccupied area of 

 agricultural lands is what is wanted. Less than one-sixth of 

 the land in that state is under cultivation, and, based on this 

 year's crop yields and the prices obtained for the different 

 products, the average daily income of the Texas farmers 

 aggregated $1,545,000. The railroads that have penetrated 

 the ranch regions where the agricultural possibilities are 

 abundant but undeveloped are crying for more population. 

 The statement is made that if all the people in the United 

 States were to move to Texas, the population of that state 

 would be less per area than that of Massachusetts. 



It is estimated that of the 140,000,000 acres of idle lands 

 in that state fully 100^00,000 acres are available for agri- 

 cultural development. The remainder is rough and arid and 

 practically worthless, even for grazing purposes. The agri- 

 cultural invasion of the cattle country of the western and 

 southwestern portions of the state has been remarkable dur- 

 ing the last few years, but the farms are but a small part 

 of the great scope of territory in which prosperous homes 

 might be established, it is claimed. It is now considered a 

 pretty well established fact, that wherever cattle raising can 

 be carried on, farming can be done. This does away with 

 the old theory that was given circulation by the ranchmen that 

 their lands were unfit for agricultural purposes. The grid- 

 ironing of the ranch region by railroads has just begun, and 

 wherever these lines of transportation have been built, the 

 "man with the hoe" quickly puts in an appearance and gradu- 

 ally crowds out the cattle baron. It is only along the rail- 

 roads in Texas, however, that farming on a scale worthy of 

 consideration is being dene. The great areas of intervening 

 country is still given over to the grazing of the herds of live- 

 stock. 



What farming is done in Texas, is on a big scale, gener- 

 ally speaking. This is shown by the fact that the average 

 farm in that state contains 357 acres, while for the whole 

 United States, the average size is 146 acres. There are 

 scores of plantations of thousands of acres each. The cam- 

 paign for smaller farms and more intense cultivation has not 

 been in progress very long, but it is already producing the 

 desired results in some sections, particularly along the Gulf 

 coast and in the lower Rio Grande valley, where the soil and 

 climatic conditions are specially suited for growing vege- 

 tables and other products that require more work and atten- 

 tion than such standard crops as corn and cotton. Even 

 with corn and cotton, it is beginning to be realized that 

 where the acreage is smaller, better cultivation can be given- 

 the crops and much greater yield obtained. 



The land problem in Texas presents some perplexing 

 features which requires solution in order to encourage immi- 

 gration in a volume commensurate with the wonderful fertil- 

 ity of the soil, the ideal climate and the manifold other ad- 

 vantages that exist there for the homeseeker. Complaint is 

 already being made that money-seeking land agents are over- 

 doing the thing in some localities. These men are boosting 

 the prices of land out of the reach of the prospective investor 

 who goes to that state in search of cheap acreage tracts 

 with the view of settlement and development. There arer 



