THE IKRIGATION AGE. 



957 



GOVERNMENT WITHDRAWALS OF PUBLIC 

 LANDS. 



Four new water power-site withdrawals, embracing 7,549 

 acres, were made during the month of March as a result of 

 the field investigations of the United States Geological Sur- 

 vey. A total of 1,400,571 acres now stand withdrawn for 

 power purposes, in the following States: 



Acres. 



Arizona 107,550 



California 53,689 



Colorado 204,583 



Idaho 231,698 



Minnesota 3,619 



Montana 126,047 



Nevada 15,375 



New Mexico 9,706 



Oregon 161,777 



Utah 347,252 



Washington 80,386 



Wyoming 58,889 



Total 1,400,571 



Two years ago last December the Government awoke to 

 the fact that American phosphate lands were being largely 

 exploited for the benefit of foreign users of this precious 

 mineral fertilizer, over half of the American production being 

 exported; also that the public phosphate lands were rapidly 

 passing into the hands of private owners. Large areas of 

 lands underlain by phosphate rock in the recently discovered 

 fields in the public-land states were immediately withdrawn 

 with a view to securing legislation which would prevent ex- 

 portation of the phosphate. Since then important geologic 

 investigations have been prosecuted and new deposits of phos- 

 phate discovered by the United States Geological Survey. 

 The area now standing withdrawn is over two and a half 

 million acres, containing an aggregate of many hundred mil- 

 lion tons of phosphate rock and having a very great potential 

 value to the farming industry. 



To make this phosphate rock readily available as a plant 

 food it is necessary to treat it with sulphuric acid, thus con- 

 verting it into acid phosphate, or "super-phosphate," and it 

 is an interesting fact that at least one of the areas withdrawn 

 is in close proximity to the western copper smelters where 

 large volumes of sulphuric acid fumes are now a daily unu- 

 tilized by-product. 



The following table shows the acreage and location of the 

 Government's phosphate arfeas standing withdrawn from 

 public entry on April 1 : 



Acres. 



Montana 33,950 



Florida 37,439 



Idaho 1,101,517 



Utah 107,746 



Wyoming 1,267,494 



Total 2,548,145 



The petroleum lands in the public-land states constitute 

 one of the most important natural resources remaining in 

 the hands of the Federal Government. As a result of in- 

 vestigations by the United States Geological Survey large 

 areas of these lands have been withdrawn from public entry 

 pending legislation needed to prevent their wasteful exploita- 

 tion. On April 1, 1911, these withdrawn oil lands aggregated 

 nearly 4,000,000 acres. The states in which they are situated 

 and the acreages are shown below. 



Acres. 



Arizona 230,400 



California 1,594,332 



Colorado 87,474 



Louisiana 414,720 



New Mexico 419,901 



Oregon 74,849 



Utah 581,566 



Wyoming 392,306 



Total . 3,795,548 



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