THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



. 1041 



8 to 10-inch layers around the entire cistern. 

 Be careful not to shovel the concrete against 

 the earthen sides as dirt in concrete is liable to 

 make a leaky wall. Do not stop until the forms 

 are filled. At the proper points, insert an over- 

 flow opening (if desired) and a sewer pipe 

 connection for the water from the downspout 

 or the filter and the pipe connection for the 

 pump in the house. This pipe should be carried 

 3 to 4 feet under ground, out of danger of 

 freezing. 



To keep out mice, vermin, scrub-water or 

 filth, every cistern should be covered with a 

 concrete platform reinforced with steel rods. 

 After the concrete walls have been brought to 

 ground level, set a wood frame around the 

 outside of the cistern so as to hold the con- 

 crete for the 5-inch platform. To run water 

 off the finished cistern cover, slope this frame 

 1-inch in the direction desired. Five inches be- 

 low the finished top of the cistern cover con- 

 struct a strong wooden platform of 1-inch 

 boards for flooring. Build this on 2 by 4-inch 

 joists nailed to the uprights of the side forms. 

 This wooden platform will support the concrete 

 cover until it is self-sustaining. To provide for 

 a manhole opening take 1-inch boards 6 inches 

 wide and build a bottomless box 5 inches deep, 

 2 feet square at the top and 18 inches square at 

 the bottom outside measurements. Another 

 plan is to have the tinsmith make a round bottomless tin form 

 5 inches deep, 2 feet in diameter at the top and 18 inches at 

 the bottom, after the pattern of a large dish pan without a 

 bottom. Grease the manhole frame and set it on the 

 platform where the opening to the cistern is desired. An 

 iron manhole frame and cover can also be used. By a 

 similar use of a section of a gas pipe or small drain tile, 

 leave an opening for the pump stock, if an out-door pump 

 is to be used. Around this opening in the soft concrete 



View of Cistern Cover. 



place bolts (washered) for the pump. To locate the bolts 

 correctly, set them by means of a wooden block in which 

 holes have been bored spaced exactly like those in the 

 iron pump base. 



Over the entire platform, spread 1-inch of concrete. 



For reinforcing quickly place on this concrete 10-foot 



lengths of H-inch iron rods running in both directions 



(criss-cross) and spaced 1 foot apart. Bend the ends to 



(Continued to page 1043.) 



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