THE IKftlGATION AGE. 



1061 



and 7 second-feet. The material encountered was mainly 

 shale, which required careful timbering. Tunnel lining to the 

 extent of 1,333 linear feet of sides and arch and 1,292 linear 

 feet of bottom was placed during the month. The tunnel is 

 44 per cent completed. A construction camp was established 

 at the site of the Strawberry dam, six miles of wagon road 

 were completed, a number of the camp buildings erected, the 

 dam site cleared, and work was commenced on the portals 

 of the sluicing tunnel. Good progress was made on the con- 

 struction of the transmission line from the west portal of 

 Strawberry tunnel to the site of the dam. On the power 

 canal considerable betterment work was done in the way of 

 covering the section where rock slides occurred and taking 

 down the loose rock from the slope of the rock cut at the 

 diversion dam. A force of 300 men and 60 teams was em- 

 ployed on the project. 



Washington, Okanogan Project (completed). The usual 

 operation and maintenance work was continued throughout 

 the month. Water was delivered for the irrigation of about 

 5,000 acres of land. Water service was maintained practically 

 without interruption, except for five days, from the 12th to 

 the 16th, inclusive, when it was necessary to shut off the 

 water on account of a very bad washout in the upper main 

 lateral. The weather was very warm and but little rain fell, 

 thus taxing the capacity of the system to supply the demands 

 for water. Increase in stored water in the Conconullj and 

 Salmon Lake reservoirs amounted to 1,500 acre-feet for the 

 month, making a total at the end of the month of 6,000 acre- 

 feet available for use. 



Washington, Yakima Project (storage unit 19 per cent 

 completed ; Sunnyside unit 66 per cent completed; Tieton unit 

 91 per cent completed). Storage unit: The Lidgerwood- 

 Crawford excavator made fair progress in the lake outlet 

 channel, having excavated the trench from station 18+75 to 

 station 22+00 during the month. On account of the depth 

 of the cut, from three to five feet of the material in the bot- 

 tom was not removed with the excavator, but was loaded on 

 cars by hand and hauled by a donkey engine on an inclined 

 track and dumped on the completed portion of the conduit for 

 backfilling. The concrete was finished to station 15+60. The 

 moving of the concrete mixing plant to station 20+50, from 

 which point it will supply concrete until the completion of this 

 conduit, was commenced. On June 19 the operation of an 

 orange-peel excavator, mounted on a raft, was commenced in 

 dredging the lake outlet channel. Only one scow was used, 

 and it was hauled to deep water by a gasoline launch and 

 dumped. A second scow was about ready for launching at 

 the end of the month. Good progress was made in exca- 

 vating the main cut-off trench with teams, but the work 

 had to be abandoned temporarily on account of the high 

 water in the lake. On June 12 excavation with a steam 

 shovel was commenced on the trench for the outlet conduit 

 through the dam, and good progress was made. On June 

 14 the river was turned through the temporary cut-off chan- 

 nel, which terminates in a 17-foot timber drop. The use 

 of this cut-off channel leaves the river bed dry at the 

 crossings near station 22 and station 27 of the outlet trench. 

 The construction camp was practically completed, including 

 a new water supply, roads and bridges. On June 21 excava- 

 tion was started at the spillway with such teams as could , 

 be spared from the more important work. The Kachess 

 storage works are 22 per cent completed. Weather and 

 labor conditions were excellent. 



Sunnyside Unit. The enlargement of the main canal 

 with the Bucyrus dredge and the Lidgerwood excavator was 

 continued with good progress. All force account and con- 

 tract work under the Prosser and Snipes Mountain divisions 

 was completed. A number of measuring boxes and checks 

 were constructed on the general distribution system. A 

 pipe plant for the manufacture of 30^2-inch pipe was estab- 

 lished at Mabton, and good progress was made in the manu- 

 facture of collar segments. Water deliveries throughout 

 the project were light, but satisfactory. 



Tieton Unit. The excavation of the main laterals on 

 the Wide Hollow Branch was practically completed and the 

 sub-laterals were about one-half finished. Work has con- 

 tinued on the various smaller structures in connection with 

 the sub-lateral distribution system, and several metal main 

 lateral flumes were erected. Plain and reinforced concrete 

 pipe of small diameter was manufactured and laid in trenches. 

 Hot weather on the first of the month and again on the 



thirteenth resulted in a heavy run-off in the Bumping river, 

 causing the reservoir to fill rapidly and bringing the water 

 surface within three feet of the spillway crest. Logs were 

 held by a boom, hauled out of the water by a donkey and 

 piled and burned. On that portion of the unit now under 

 irrigation there was a brisk demand for water. 



Wyoming, Shoshone Project (48 per cent completed). 

 Weather conditions were favorable throughout the month for 

 field work, construction, and growth of crops. The fencing 

 of the reservoir was continued, and the building of concrete 

 structures on lateral A and Frannie canal, weirs at lateral 

 turnouts on Garland canal, footbridges for gauging sta- 

 tions, and miscellaneous structures was carried on by force 

 account. A board of engineers, with W. H. Sanders, con- 

 sulting engineer, as chairman, investigated seepage conditions 

 and recommended the construction of trunk line drains. In 

 Shoshone reservoir water reached elevation 5,325, 260,000 

 acre-feet was in storage, and the flow from the reservoir 

 averaged 2,350 second-feet. In Garland canal the maximum 

 flow of water was 268 second-feet, supplying 265 farm units. 

 The operation and maintenance force put in some additional 

 paving below drops on Garland canal and repaired small 

 structures. Most of the alfalfa on the project was cut, 

 the better stands yielding approximately two tons per acre. 

 Other crops were in good condition. Ralston unit was opened 

 to entry June 23, and about thirty homeseekers visited the 

 project, nine of whom filed on 470 acres of land. Surveys 

 were continued for the location of a road extending between 

 the forks of the Shoshone river and for the north side high 

 line and Willwood canals. 



HOW TO USE THE LEVELING FRAME. 



In the July issue of THE IRRIGATION AGE there was de- 

 scribed a leveling tool to be used for running levels or grade 

 lines for ditches or other purposes. How to use the tool 

 will be described in this article, reference being had to the 

 accompanying drawing, which represents a profile along the 

 line where the ditch, tile or pipe is supposed to run. Let 

 A B C D be the principal drainage outlet; set the leveling 

 frame over this ditch and measure the distance E F, which 

 gives the lowest point to drain ; let this distance E F equal 

 6 feet for example ; then the point D is 6 feet higher than 

 F ; next place the leveling frame from D to G and observe 

 the reading on the cross bar intersected by the plumb bob ; 

 let this show 3 inches lower than D ; then point G has an 

 elevation of 5.75 feet above F; next place the frame from 

 G to H and take the reading of the plumb bob line, which we 

 will assume shows 6 inches lower than G ; then the elevation 

 of point H is 5.75 .50 = 5.25 feet. Continue in this way 

 along the proposed line; thus at the next point J suppose the 

 reading shows 8 inches higher than H, then the elevation of 

 r j is 5.25 + .67 =; 5.92 feet; let K be 5 inches higher than J, 

 then the elevation of K equals 5.92 + .42 = 6.34 feet; at L 

 let the point be 2 inches lower than K, then the elevation of 

 L equals 6.34 .17=6.17; at M let the reading show 10 

 inches lower than L, then the elevation of M equals 6.17 

 .83 = 5.34 ; let point N be 3 inches lower than M, then the 

 elevation of point N is equal to 5.34 .25 = 5.09 feet. Now 

 suppose the drain is to be laid from point N we know that 

 N is 5.09 feet higher than the bottom of the main ditch. If 

 the base of the frame is just 10 feet, then the distance from 

 N to D is 70 feet. As the fall in the ditch would not need 

 to be more than 12 inches in this distance and the depth of 

 the ditch at N won't need to be any deeper than 12 inches, 

 the bottom of the ditch at N will be 4.09 feet higher than 

 bottom of the drainage ditch F; also given the fall from 

 N to D equals 1 foot ; the bottom of the ditch D N, at point 

 D, will be 3.09 feet higher than F. Thus the two end points 

 of the ditch have been established. But this is not all ; we 

 can also figure out how deep the ditch will be at any of the 

 intermediate points G, H, J, K, L and M. Point G is .25 feet 

 lower than D and G is 1/7 of a foot equals .14 feet higher 

 than D ; hence the depth of ditch at G G, is equal to 2.91 



