20 



THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



firm it, and hence the lower riparian owner might object; 

 it also appearing that his lands had not been settled or ac- 

 quired as desert lands Still v. Palouse Irrigation & Power 

 Co., Supreme Court of Washington, 117 Pacific 466. 

 RIGHT TO SUPPLY OF WATER 



Equal areas of land were devised by the same will to 

 plaintiff and defendant, with the request that they use jointly 

 the water and irrigating ditch, as they were desired to be 

 joint owners of the ditch and of the water rights, and the 

 decree of distribution followed the will. The irrigation ditch 

 entered and was wholly upon defendant's land, and plaintiff 

 extended the ditch from its terminus over defendant's land 

 to the boundary of his own land, which without irrigation 

 was worthless ; that being the only way he could use the 

 water rights devised to him. Held, in an action to be let 

 into undisturbed possession of a part of the water rights 

 and of the extended ditch, and to establish a perpetual ease- 

 ment on defendant's land for the benefit of plaintiff's land, 

 that in view of Civ. Code, 3522, declaring that one who 

 grants a thing is presumed to grant whatever is essential to 

 its use, if that be within the power of the grantor, plaintiff 

 was entitled to extend the ditch, and to have an undisturbed 

 use of it for the benefit of his land. Sulloway v. Sullcnvay, 

 Supreme Court of California, 117 Pacific 522. 

 EASEMENT IN WATERCOURSE 



Owners of a tract of land partitioned it in 1872, one tak- 

 ing land on which certain springs were located and granting 

 to the others and their assigns the right to use the water 

 of the springs in common and the right to lay pipes thereto. 

 Under warranty deeds the title to the land on which the 

 springs were located vested in the state in 1886, and it took 

 possession under its deeds, and thereafter claimed and en- 

 joyed the exclusive rights to the springs. The other original 

 owners of the tract never took any possession of these springs, 

 and by warranty deeds, containing no reference to the springs, 

 plaintiff acquired title in 1902, and in 1904 conveyed a part 

 of the land to the state, and subsequently, in 1906, obtained 

 from her grantors a quitclaim deed of their rights in the 

 springs. Held, in an action to establish a right to the use 

 of the springs in common with the state, that the state's 

 possession of the land and of the springs situated thereon, 

 with claim of exclusive right and title, operated to disseise 

 or oust the other owners or cotenants and to convert pos- 

 session into an adverse possession which had determined the 

 estate of plaintiff's grantors, the other owners or cotenants. 

 Church v. State, Supreme Court of Washington, 117 Pa- 

 cific 711. 



IMPORTANT INFORMATION RELATIVE TO THE 

 IRRIGATION CONGRESS. 



To the landless and homeless the National Irrigation 

 Congress will bring glad tidings of opportunity for lands 

 and homes on the millions of acres reclaimed under the 

 spirit awakened by western irrigation and swamp land 

 drainage. So states the official call for the nineteenth ses- 

 sion at Chicago, December 5 to 9 next, which has been is- 

 sued over the signatures of B. A. Fowler, Phoenix, Ariz., 

 president; Arthur Hooker, Chicago, 111., secretary; R. 

 Insinger, Spokane, Wash., chairman of the executive com- 

 mittee, and Robert R. McCormick, Chicago, 111., chairman 

 of the board of control. 



It is fitting that this great agricultural and industrial 

 development agency should at this time hold a great meet- 

 ing in Chicago, one of the world's most important indus- 

 trial and commercial centers. The lands available for pri- 

 vate settlement, long thought unlimited, are practically ex- 

 hausted, so that continued extension of settlement must 

 depend on the reclamation of land by control of the water 

 supply; and Chicago is the clearing house for the western 

 country involved in the new era of land development. 



The peculiar fitness of Chicago for this meeting in- 

 spired the invitation and actuates a strong board of con- 

 trol who have undertaken to make the nineteenth meeting 

 of the National Irrigation Congress the most successful 

 in its history. 



Here where East and West meet the congress will 

 point with pride to that empire-building which made the 

 "Great American Desert" a country of happy homes and 

 of bounteous productivity. 



Never more important than now, when the population 

 of the country is so rapidly increasing, were the objects 

 of the congress expressed in its motto, "Save the forests. 

 (Continued to page 28.) 



CORRESPONDENCE 



AN ANSWER TO MR. KINDER. 



THE IRRIGATION AGE, 

 Chicago, 



Gentlemen: I have read with interest the inquiry of 

 Wm. R. Kinder, C. E., page, 1108 of your October issue, 

 and I have a suggestion to make which has been effective 

 in similar places and under similar conditions. 1 would 

 install a small current water wheel in the ditch, just above 

 the syphon. Attach to this an endless belt slot carrier 

 with hooks just above the wheel. This device is positive 

 in its action, inexpensive, obstructs the flow of water very 

 little and needs attention only occasionally, to burn the 

 trash carried out. 



A. F. AMES, Heyburn, Idaho. 



A Practical Irrigator. 



RECLAIMING UNDERGROUND WATERS. 



Pueblo, Colo., October 16, 1911. 

 Mr. D. H. Anderson, 



Publisher THE IRRIGATION AGE: 



Dear Sir: The article in your September issue by Mr. 

 Smith, describing his plan of obtaining the underflow by a 

 sub-surface dam on the Cienega Ranch, Ariz., at a cost of 

 $7,350, interested me because I thought there was a much 

 better way of obtaining several times the result in the quan- 

 tity of water obtained and at a much less first cost, with less 

 danger of damage from flood. 



Knowing there are many thousands of acres along the 

 water courses of the vast arid regions that can be irrigated 

 by the underground water of these streams, for the benefit 

 of those contemplating this work, and as a hint to others 

 who may not realize the value of this asset within their 

 reach, I submit herewith a sketch of my plan of collecting 

 these waters, designed some years ago. 



The sketch will need but little explanation to one at all 

 acquainted with hydraulics. The pipe should be laid 4 to 8 

 feet deep to place it below danger of floods. The perforated 

 wells or casings may extend to above the surface and capped 

 instead of the concrete crown, as shown. These casings are 

 sunk by dredging out from within, preferably by an orange 

 peel dipper attached to a beam. 



A ground plan would show that the pipe line might be 

 laid on one side of the present active stream flow and the 

 wells in the stream bed and the suction branch pipes ex- 

 tended from the main to them. 



A 12-inch main at a grade of 40 feet will carry 3.8 cubic 

 feet of water per second ; a 6-inch branch 1.35 cubic foot. 

 All joints should be tight. 



If laid below the water plane the whole pipe system will 

 fill up with water, and when the outlet valve is opened the 

 flow of the water outward will create a vacuum and the 

 syphons will draw the water from the sand bed down to 

 about the level, as shown. Where there is no surface flow 

 the amount of water in the average stream sand bed can be 

 computed by finding the cubic feet of sand that will be 

 drained by the system. From each 5 to 7 cubic feet of 

 average sand bed, free from silt, will be obtained 1 cubic 

 foot of water, while taking this water out, if the system has 

 capacity enough. More water will be obtained than the regu- 

 lar amount of water passing through the sand bed of the 

 stream at any one point. That is, it will be found that in 

 the average stream bed 20 feet deep by one-half mile wide 

 the amount of underground water passing through the sand 

 will not exceed 5 to 10 second feet, which would be the 

 capacity of the system were there no periods of surface flow 

 or flood. By the system I have here shown, the drained 

 sand bed represents a permanent reservoir into which the 

 surface water percolates as through a sieve, and if the flow 

 is large enough to fill the sand reservoir and pass over the 

 drained area the deposited silt will be again scoured off and 

 the top left clean for the receiving of the next flow freely. 

 Hence a reservoir of which the dam will never break nor 

 ever fill up with silt and sediment. 



As against the sub-surface dam of Mr. Smith's, and many 

 others I know of that have proved almost entire failures. 



