132 



THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



Open Tile Outlets Are Vital 

 to Successful Drainage 



Choking Up of Tile Outlets Into Open 

 Ditches is a common trouble in land drainage and 

 is due to three main causes. 



Capstan or Plow Ditches cannot be dug deep 

 enough to give the ditch bottom the requisite drop 

 below the outlet. 



Caving Banks Due to Vertical Sides and 

 close spoil banks wreck and bury the outlets. 



Formation of Silt Bars on the Bottom of 

 the ditch close the outlets unless repeatedly re- 

 moved by hand excavation. 



These Causes of Trouble Are Eliminated 

 by constructing open ditches with an AUSTIN 

 DITCHING MACHINE with Bank-Sloping Attachment. 



The Austin Ditcher cuts a ditch whose depth 

 is 2 to 3 feet below the deepest ordinary tile outlet. 

 It slopes the banks of ditch to the exact angle re- 

 quired and throws the spoil well away from the ditch 

 edge. It carves a ditch from the natural soil with 

 smooth bottom and sides so that there is no loose 

 material to wash and no irregularities to start silt 

 bars. It can be converted by a simple alteration so 

 as to dig a tile ditch with vertical sides or a sewer 

 trench. It will excavate open ditch or tile ditch at 

 a maximum speed of 9 feet per minute, depending 

 upon the size of the ditch and the character of 

 the soil. 



Send for Catalogue No. 200 



F. C. Austin Drainage Excavator Co. 



(25 years practical experience building excavating machinery 



Agents Wanted in Open Territory RAILWAY EXCHANGE, CHICAGO 



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