216 



THE IKRIGATION AGE. 



AID TO SETTLERS IS FIRST NEED 



(Continued from Page 204.) 



with less than half the land under cultivation, with 

 inadequate revenues, and only needing the settler to 

 completely change the situation. Under some of these 

 schemes the conditions for extending this aid are alto- 

 gether satisfactory, whilst in others, settlement, under 

 present conditions, should be prevented. Either the 

 water supply is inadequate, the land is unfit, or the 

 charges for land and water are too high. To extend 

 public aid in the settlement of such enterprises means 

 inevitable disaster to all concerned, and the first step 

 in all cases should be an investigation by some com- 

 petent public authority, to weed out the sound from 

 the unsound schemes. Starting with sound enterprises, 

 there should, in each case, be an organization to meet 

 and take charge of the settlers, and there must be some 

 way by which large sums of money can be provided to 

 give them the needed aid. 



In the State of Victoria this money is provided in 

 large measure by the State Savings Bank, which has 



deposits of $110,000,000, on which three and three and 

 one-half per cent interest is paid. This money is loaned 

 directly to the farmers at four and a half and five per 

 cent. A remote country, with small accumulations, 

 thus gives the farmers money at about half the interest 

 rate prevailing in the western part of the United States. 

 It has seemed to me that the Victorian policy might 

 wisely be followed in the United States, and the funds 

 deposited in the Postal Savings bank of the Nation 

 loaned to farmers developing irrigated lands rather 

 than to the banks, as at present. The experience of all 

 of the Australian states and New Zealand shows that 

 not only is this a safe use for these funds, but it can be 

 made a great agency for national development. Safety 

 could be further insured by an arrangement under 

 which the states would guarantee the return of all 

 funds loaned to settlers within their boundaries. In 

 any event, the cost of improving land is as great as the 

 expense of providing water for it, and if we are to 

 have a humane and rounded out scheme of develop- 

 ment, the settler's side must receive more consideration. 



RECLAMATION NOTES 



(Continued from Page 215.) 



the Three Miles Falls Diversion 

 Works, in connection with the Uma- 

 tilla irrigation project. The work is 

 located about three miles, north and 

 west of Hermiston, and consists in 

 constructing a concrete diversion dam 

 and concrete headworks involving 

 about 2,600 cubic yards of concrete 

 and 3,000 cubic yards of excavation 

 and embankment. The bids will be 

 opened after 3 p. m., May 28, 1914, at 

 the office of the Reclamation Service 

 at Portland. 



TEXAS. 



Articles of incorporation have been 

 filed by the Rosita Irrigation Com- 

 pany; capital stock $15,000, with of- 

 fices at Eagle Pass. W. H. Evans, 

 C. F. Carson and L. L. Schofield are 

 the incorporators. 



The State Board of Water Engi- 

 neers has received certificates of 

 prior appropriation of waters by A. 

 J. Russell of Robert Lee for the irri- 

 gation of 1440 acres in Coke county, 

 and of -V. M. Sanderson of San Saba 

 for irrigating 200 acres in San Saba 

 county. 



UTAH. 



A plan is under consideration for 

 converting Little Valley four miles 

 east of Brigham City into a great res- 

 ervoir to provide water for irrigat- 

 ing 10,000 acres. 



The Secretary of the Interior lias 

 authorized the Reclamation Service to 

 undertake the construction of the 

 High Line Unit of the Strawberry 

 Valley irrigation project as soon as 

 certain conditions have been complied 

 with. At least 18,000 acres of lands 

 privately owned and irrigable by grav- 

 ity flow must be pledged to return the 

 cost of the project. Applicants own- 

 ing irrigable land in excess of 80 

 acres must execute appropriate trust 

 deeds for the disposal of such excess 

 to qualified water right applicants 

 (Continued on Page 217.) 



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