THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



land of a higher average value per acre and rented 

 from others only one-fifth of the farm he operated, 

 while the less educated man rented nearly two- 

 fifths. The same general difference appears, though 

 not always to so great an extent, in the number of 

 acres handled per man employed, the number of 

 acres handled per horse, and the yield secured per 

 acre. 



Give your boy all the schooling you can afford. 

 Then encourage him to work to acquire still more. 



Settlers on the Klamath (Ore.) Fed- 

 Abel Ady eral irrigation project have lost a 

 Is Dead; staunch and competent leader. Abel 

 Klamath Loses Ady is dead. 

 Real Leader As president of the Klamath 



Water Users' Association, Mr. Ady 

 was untiring in trying to better the conditions of 

 his people. He accomplished much for them. 



He was a man of big ideas. He was a close 

 student of co-operation and he had made extensive 

 plans to bring the Klamath organization to a point 

 where it would exercise all the tremendous powers 

 with which Water Users' associations are endowed, 

 for the good of the settlers. 



The Klamath water users should erect a monu- 

 ment to Abel Ady by putting into effect his ideas 

 for self-help on the project a water users' bank, 

 that will not demand loan shark interest to help a 

 farmer, co-operative marketing and association con- 

 trol of the project. 



Members of the Kansas Association 

 Bankers of Bankers, in their search for a sat- 



Seek Best isfactory rural credit system to han- 



Rural Credit die Kansas farm mortgages, have 

 System obtained information that should be 



of value to every western state and 

 its farmers. 



Some time ago a committee was appointed by 

 the Kansas association to investigate the various 

 rural credit plans of various countries. It has just 

 completed its report. After reviewing the systems 

 used in European countries and digesting the vari- 

 ous bills pending in congress, the committee believes 

 that the different states can work out a system for 

 their respective localities better than the Federal 

 government can. In other words, they believe that 

 it will be difficult for congress to work out a uni- 

 form law for all the states that would be acceptable. 



Of all the systems investigated the committee 

 reports that the one used by a banker in Illinois, 

 under existing laws, seems the most practicable. In 

 1913 this banker began issuing 5 per cent bonds 

 under the amortization plan employed by his bank. 

 The bonds run for thirty years and are based on the 



collective security of Illinois 5 per cent amortizable 

 first farm mortgages. During the year 1913, when 

 2 per cent United States bonds were selling below 

 par on our markets and other securities had greatly 

 depreciated, he sold between $300,000 and $400,000 

 of these bonds. 



This, or some well-guarded plan for rural cred- 

 its, based on first real estate mortgages payable un- 

 der the amortization plan, together with the issu- 

 ance of bonds based upon the mortgages so taken 

 and provisions made for the sale of such bonds, the 

 committee believes, would be the most practical 

 way to provide this credit capital for the farmer and 

 help develop the agricultural resources of the state. 



"The law now upon our statutes bearing upon 

 this subject," says the committee in its report, "does 

 not provide that a bank, as a bank, can issue certi- 

 ficates and make loans. It would therefore be neces- 

 sary to organize an association as a side line to the 

 bank to cover this line of business. The amortiza- 

 tion plan appeals more strongly to the committee 

 than any of the proposed plans now pending in 

 congress." 



Does co-operation succeed? Here is 

 A U. S. an answer from the United States 



Answer consular reports : 



to Foes of "The Leeds (England) Indus- 



Co-operation trial Co-operative Society reports 



$5,166,909 total sales for the half 

 year ended June 30, 1915, or an increase of $1,225,- 

 696 over the like period of 1914 and a record for 

 the society. The share capital stood at $4,703,277, 

 an increase of $226,462, and members increased by 

 1,818 to 49,785. After allowing $80,973 for interest 

 on capital and $53,453 for depreciation, the amount 

 available for distribution was $662,353, which was 

 disposed of as follows : Dividend on members' pur- 

 purchases aggregating $4,763,866, at 2s. 9d. in the 

 pound (about 13J4 cents on each dollar's worth pur- 

 chased), $655,030; for educational purposes, $4,858; 

 balance to next half year, $2,465." 



It is a well recognized fact, though 

 "Air one too often overlooked in selecting 



Drainage;" sites for orchards, that cold air settles 

 Do Not to the lower levels. For this reason 



Overlook It it is often colder at the lower eleva- 

 tions than it is at higher points in the 

 same locality. This is what is meant by "atmospheric 

 drainage." The occurrence of -frost in low places when 

 there is none on elevated areas is thus explained. For 

 the same reason peach buds are often winterkilled or 

 the blossoms are injured by frost in the spring in low 

 places when near-by orchards on higher elevations 

 are injured much less, or even escape entirely. 



