PRACTICAL CRYPTORCHID CASTRATION 43 



tor (who, in country practice, must do the tying 

 as a rule), wearing gloves to protect his hands to 

 a certain degree from contamination. Chloro- 

 form is not used. 



After the animal has been cast and properly 

 tied for the operation, is the time to make the 

 examination if a diagnosis of side is necessary. 

 Of course, this is a question that needs attention 

 only when one testicle has been removed and 

 there is a scar on both sides of the scrotum. The 

 side from which the testicle has been removed 

 can be told in all cases by the presence of the 

 stump of the cord or the spermatic fascia in the 

 scrotum or inguinal canal of that side except in 

 cases where the testicle removed was an abdo- 

 minal testicle, when there will be no stump pres- 

 ent. These cases are rarely met with, and a posi- 

 tive diagnosis of the side can be made only by 

 abdominal exploration during the operation. 

 Ordinarily when one testicle is removed it is a 

 descended testicle and its removal leaves a stump 

 in the scrotum and inguinal canal that can be 

 easily determined by careful examination. The 

 history by the owner is usually of no value and 



