CARTILAGE. 103 



concentric areas, remains unlaminated after the operation of 

 the above-mentioned agents. 



The imbibition of the red colouring matter of anilin is well 

 adapted to exhibit the layers of the capsule.* The lamination 

 of the tissue is also excellently shown by the action of chloride 

 of gold, and very beautiful preparations can be obtained by 

 protracted treatment with this agent, in consequence of the 

 deep colour communicated by the reduction of the metal. 



If diluted sulphuric acid or concentrated hydrochloric acid acts 

 for a long time upon these sections of cartilage, the largest cap- 

 sules first dissolve, and then the secondary ones. Those which 

 immediately surround the cells are the most resistant. More- 

 over, if sections of cartilage are long boiled, we may first remark 

 the above-described lamination of the matrix, and then suc- 

 cessive solution of the capsules in the order above given. All 

 these operations consequently lead to the isolation of the cells 

 still invested by their capsules, providing they are subjected to 

 their influence only for a certain definite period. The obser- 

 vations above adduced completely negative the views of those 

 who regard the clear rings around the cartilage cavities as a 

 mere optical phenomenon, and who deny the existence of the 

 cartilage capsule. f 



The ultimate result of continued boiling is, however, that the 

 coagulated cells alone remain.J The solution obtained from car- 

 tilage after exposure to a boiling temperature for twenty-four 

 hours, or for a few hours only at a temperature of 120 C. 

 (248 F.), gelatinizes on cooling like gelatine itself. It does not, 

 however, contain gelatine, but the material distinguished from 

 gelatine by Johann Miiller, by the name of Chondrin. The oppo- 

 site statement of Friedleben has been disproved by Wilkens|| 



* Landois, Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Bandxvi., p. 11. 



f Bergmann Disquisitiones Microscopicae de Cartilagine. Mitau und Dor- 

 pat, 1848. 



| Hoppe, Archivfiir Pathologischen Anatomie, Band v., p. 174. See also 

 Mulder and Bonders in G. J. Mulder's " Essay on General Physiological 

 Chemistry;" Bonders, in Hollandische Beitrage, Diisseldorf. u. Utrecht, 1846; 

 Zellinsky, De telis quibusdam collam edentibus, Diss. inaug. Dorpat, 1852. 



Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Band x., p. 20. 



|| Idem, p. 467. 



