PERIPHERIC TERMINAL ORGANS OF THE NERVES. 165 



puscles, exhibit, in part at least, when carefully examined, no 

 exception to this rule. 



2. OF THE PERIPHERIC TERMINAL ORGANS. 



The peripheric division into primitive fibrils appears to occur 

 in all the nerves of special sense, but especially in those cases 

 where perception of a great variety of impressions occurs within 

 a very limited space. Peculiar terminal organs are found in 

 such instances in connection with each fibre, of which a more 

 detailed description will be given in the consideration of the 

 different senses, but which will be here only regarded from a 

 general point of view. In the nasal mucous membrane, fusi- 

 form easily alterable cells are found occupying interspaces 

 between the pallisade-like cells of the olfactory region. These 

 possess a centric and a peripheric process, of which the former 

 exactly resembles the primitive nerve fibrils of the olfactory 

 nerves,* whilst the latter either ends at the level of the free 

 surface of the epithelial cells, as in man, mammals, and fishes, 

 or extends beyond this surface in the form of a long stiff hair, 

 or of several finer hairs, analogous to cilia, but incapable of 

 movement. 



I have named these cells olfactory cells, and the hairs ol- 

 factory hairs. The general relations are the same in the 

 mucous membrane of the tongue as Axel Keyf has shown in the 

 papillae fungiformes of the frog, and SchwaibeJ and Loven in 

 the gustatory cells of the papillae circumvallatse, and of some of 

 the fungiformes in man and mammals. These terminal organs 

 corresponding to the olfactory cells may be termed gustatory 



* The existence of these cells was first recognised by Eckhard in the 

 frog. See his eitrdge zur Anatomic u. Physiologic, Band i., 1855, p. 17, 

 Taf. 5, figs. 3, 4 c ; and a discussion on their relation to the Nervous System 

 will be found in Schultze's Essay in the Monatsberichte der Berliner Akadc- 

 mie, 1856, November, p. 504, and at still greater length in Max Schultze's 

 Untersuchungen fiber den Bau der Nasenschleimhaut, Halle, 1862, with 

 five plates. 



t Miiller's Archiv, 1861, p. 329. 



J Archie fiir Mikroskop. Anatomic, Band iii.,p. 154; Band iv.,p. 154. 



Idem, Band iv., p. 96. 



