TERMINATION OF MOTOR NERVES IN VERTEBRATA. 229 



Doyerian mode of termination was again corroborated by Meissner (9), 

 in Mermis and Ascaris, and by Wedl (10), Walther (11), and Munk (12), 

 in several Xernatodes. At a somewhat later period, Schaafhausen ex- 

 pressed himself in terms similar to those of Remak, and believed that 

 he had seen a fine network of fibres, tinted with carmine, investing the 

 whole muscular fibre. At this date the above-described mode of ter- 

 mination of the nerves in the muscles of insects was discovered (14, 

 15), and inasmuch as the nerves were here proved to terminate 

 beneath the sarcolemma in muscles possessing this membrane, the 

 view entertained by Schaafhausen respecting the similarly constructed 

 muscles of vertebrate animals was rendered improbable. Neverthe- 

 less, a similar conclusion was arrived at by Beale (16, 17), an ener- 

 getic inquirer who maintained that in the frog in particular the 

 nerves gave off relatively broad nucleated fibres. Since, however, he 

 did not adopt the method of isolation, but coloured his preparations 

 deeply with carmine, it is possible he may have been deceived by the 

 confusion of fibres traversing the accessory structures associated with 

 muscle. Investigations undertaken upon isolated muscular fibres from 

 the frog (18, 20) now led to the discovery of the intra-muscular axis 

 cylinder and its terminal bulbs. The penetration of the nerve through 

 the sarcolemma, now for the first time demonstrated, was established by 

 Margo (19), who considered the axis cylinder terminated in a system 

 of nucleated and granulated fibres which penetrated the contractile 

 substance to all depths. The views of Margo, which he subsequently 

 extended to the Arthropoda (27), have never found adherents, since 

 they clearly rested on illusory appearances caused by the well-known 

 serially arranged interstitial granules which are present in so many 

 muscles. In the meanwhile Kolliker reverted to the views of Beale, 

 but with the addition that he regarded the nerves as frequently ex- 

 hibiting free extremities, and did not, as Beale thought, form a com- 

 pletely closed plexus. Resting on this assumption, Kolliker, who 

 undoubtedly first rediscovered the intra-muscular axis cylinder of the 

 frog (25, 26), maintained that the terminal bulbs there seen were 

 really nuclei of the sheath of Schwann. Krause (24) and Rouget 

 (29) agreed with him in all points, and now, whilst Beale (28) retained 

 his first opinion as being applicable to all classes of animals, Rouget 

 (29) came forward with his discovery of the nerve eminence in reptiles 

 and warm-blooded animals, and was corroborated in all essential 

 particulars by Krause (31), Engelmann (34, 38), and. the author (39, 

 40) ; by the latter, indeed, with special emphasis, because Krause 

 had given quite a different signification to the nerve eminence ; had 



